Cytokines (Langer)

Question 1

Chemokines

Answer 1

• 8-10kd (smaller than cytokines)
• Signal via GPCR (unlike protein kinases)
• Function as chemotactic

Question 2

IL-1

Answer 2

Role in inflammation

Question 3

TNF-å

Answer 3

Role in inflammation

Question 4

IL-2

Answer 4

Causes T-cell growth and division

Question 5

IFN-å

Answer 5

defense against viruses

Question 6

IFN-gamma

Answer 6

• Stimulates cell-mediated immunity (macrophages)

- produced by T-cells (TH1), NK cells

Question 7

IL-8

Answer 7

• Chemokine
• chemotaxis to site of infection or to secondary lymphoid organs
• Produced by macrophages to attract neutrophils (IL-8 = neutrophil chemotactic factor)

Question 8

TGF-ß

Answer 8

Downregulates immune response

Question 9

IL-4, IL-5

Answer 9

B-cell growth, differentiation

Question 10

IL-10

Answer 10

DOWNREGULATES immune response

Question 11

X-SCID (X-linked Severe Combined Immunodeficiency Syndrome)

Answer 11

Lack of T-cells/NK cells due to low gamma subunit production affecting a host of cytokines. Lack of both of these prevents B-cells too, so COMBINED immunodeficiency

Question 12

IL-6

Answer 12

Pro-inflammatory

Question 13

IL-12

Answer 13

Causes T-cell maturation from naive

-secreted by activated T-cell or macrophage

Question 14

TH1 Cells

Answer 14

• Secrete IFN-gamma (causing macrophage activation, IgG production)
• Role in autoimmune diseases (Nanda, TH1>TH2)

Question 15

TH2

Answer 15

• Secretes IL-4, IL-5, IL-13
• Causes Mast cell, eosinophil activation, IgE production
• Used vs. parasites
• Role in allergies

Question 16

TH17 Cell

Answer 16

• Secretes IL-17A/F, IL-22

- Role in neutrophil, monocyte inflammation

Question 17

Cytokines (differentiate from chemokines)

Answer 17

• > 18kd
• signal using protein kinases
• produce growth, differentiation of immune cells

Question 18

CCR5 Receptor

Answer 18

Chemokine receptor on CD4 Tcells that allows HIV infection

• Lack of CCR5 confers HIV infection resistance
• Other receptor is CXCR4