Path Pulm

Question 1

Foamy Alveolar exudate = what kind of pneumonia

Answer 1

pneumocystis!!!!

Question 2

What is the most common cause of community acquired pneumonia and what is the most common distribution?

Answer 2

Strep Pneumo, lobar distribution

Question 3

Staph aureus as a cause of pneumonia generally follows?

Answer 3

Viral infection.

Staph can cause abscesses

Question 4

Klebsiella pneumoniae generally infects?

Answer 4

alcoholics.

MOST COMMON Gram Negative Pneumoniae.
THICK GELATINOUS SPUTUM

Question 5

Pseudomonas aeruginosa?

Answer 5

cystic fibrosis, burn victims, pts with neutropenia

Question 6

Atypical pneumonias are described how?

Answer 6

Respiratory distress out of proportion to the clinical and radiologic signs, inflammation confined to the alveolar septa

Question 7

Dx of strep pneumo?

Answer 7

Gram stain sputum and look for gram pos lancet shaped diplococci. This can give false negatives though so it is even better to isolate cultures from blood

Question 8

What is the most common cause of acute exacerbation of COPD

Answer 8

H. Influenzae

Question 9

Most common cause of atypical pneumoniae

Answer 9

mycoplasma

Question 10

Drunk driving level

Answer 10

80 mg/dl

Question 11

Drowsiness

Answer 11

200 mg/dl

Question 12

Stupor

Answer 12

300 mg/dl

Question 13

Lancet-shaped, gram pos, diplococci

Answer 13

strep pneumo

Question 14

Influenza is an acute respiratory illness with the influenza virus that occurs in outbreaks mainly during the winter

Answer 14

Spread by aerosol…..can be followed by strep pneumo or staph aureus pneumonia

Question 15

incubation period for flu? (average)

Answer 15

2 days

Question 16

Flu characteristics

Answer 16

FEVER, HEADACHE, MYALGIA, MALAISE

and resp symptoms

Question 17

Flu pathology

Answer 17

• tracheobronchitis with lymphocytic infiltrate
  -MAY GET SQUAMOUS METAPLASIA IN THE REPAIR PHASE….can happen with any repair process in the lungs
  -

Question 18

Why do pts with the flu get bacterial infections?

Answer 18

Influenze destroys the resp epithelium and with it, the mucocilliary ladder, which leads to the inability of the lungs to clear bacteria

Question 19

Eosinophilic refers to the staining of a tissue after being stained with eosin

Answer 19

Eosin is acidic, therefore the tissue is basic.

Bright pink, mostly protein

Question 20

What are the two broad categories of fungi

Answer 20

Yeast and molds (molds grow in hyphae)

Question 21

CMV infected macrophages

Answer 21

Basophillic nuclear inclusions with halos surrounded by granular basophilic cytoplasmic inclusions

Question 22

Fungal ball

Microscopy shows fungal hyphae with acute angle branching

Answer 22

Acute = aspergillous

Question 23

3 distinct forms of aspergillosis

Answer 23

colonizing- a fungus ball that grows and fills a cavity

allergic

invasive- seen in immunocompromised pts and will disseminate to brain