A clinician's view of pathologic microbes Flashcards

1
Q

What are the “pneumonia-meningitis bacteria” that colonize the upper respiratory tract transiently or persistently

A
  • Strep Pneumo (Pneumococcus)
  • H. Flu
  • Neisseria Meningitidis (the meningococcus)
  • Moraxella Catarrhalis
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2
Q

Strep pneumo morphology

A

Gram positive diplococcus

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3
Q

H flu morphology

A

Gram negative bacillus

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4
Q

The two commonest causes of acute upper and lower respiratory infection

A

otitis, acute sinusitis, pneumonia

Strep Pneumo and H Flu- both reside in the bronchi of pts with chronic bronchitis

Come in encapsulated and unencapsulated forms…the encapsulated forms are more resistant to phagocytosis and tend to cause bacteremia (meningitis and sepsis)

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5
Q

N. Meningitidis ( a gram negative diplococcus) is not much of a concern in respiratory infections but does cause sepsis and meningitis

A

ok

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6
Q

strep viridans is an important cause of endocarditis and is often seen where?

A

In brain, lung, and dental abscesses (important to take prophylactic antibiotics for ppl with heart problems)

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7
Q

What are the HACEK organisms

A
Hemophillus
Actinobacillus
Cardiobacterium
Eikenella
Kingella

These are tiny gram neg bacilli that occasionally cause endocarditis. ALSO LIVE IN THE MOUTH

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8
Q

Bad Staph

A

Staph aureus: inhabits the nares and is carried on the skin. Causes skin infections such as impetigo, boils, carbuncles, paronychias. Causes wound infections both traumatic and surgical.

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9
Q

The two mouth aerobes are?

A

Strep Viridans and Neisseria Spp

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10
Q

Bad Staph is coag?

A

Positive

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11
Q

Staph Epidermis is most commonly found where?

A

indwelling plastic devices such as IV catheters and ventricular shunts

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12
Q

Group A strep cause

A

Strep throat, impetigo…..glomerulonephritis and rheumatic fever

Necrotizing fascitis

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13
Q

Group B strep cause

A

sepsis and meningitis in the neonate

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14
Q

Bad strep are all —– hemolytic

A

Beta hemolytic

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15
Q

Good strep are all —- hemolytic

A

alpha and gamma

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16
Q

Enterococcus morphology

A

gram positive cocci….world’s most antibiotic resistant bacteria

17
Q

Enterococci are usually part of what type of infections

A

Mixed infections….

Seen in intraabdominal infections and bedsores but can cause infection on their own

18
Q

Spirochetes cause

A

syphillis, lyme disease, leptospirosis