A clinician's view of pathologic microbes Flashcards
What are the “pneumonia-meningitis bacteria” that colonize the upper respiratory tract transiently or persistently
- Strep Pneumo (Pneumococcus)
- H. Flu
- Neisseria Meningitidis (the meningococcus)
- Moraxella Catarrhalis
Strep pneumo morphology
Gram positive diplococcus
H flu morphology
Gram negative bacillus
The two commonest causes of acute upper and lower respiratory infection
otitis, acute sinusitis, pneumonia
Strep Pneumo and H Flu- both reside in the bronchi of pts with chronic bronchitis
Come in encapsulated and unencapsulated forms…the encapsulated forms are more resistant to phagocytosis and tend to cause bacteremia (meningitis and sepsis)
N. Meningitidis ( a gram negative diplococcus) is not much of a concern in respiratory infections but does cause sepsis and meningitis
ok
strep viridans is an important cause of endocarditis and is often seen where?
In brain, lung, and dental abscesses (important to take prophylactic antibiotics for ppl with heart problems)
What are the HACEK organisms
Hemophillus Actinobacillus Cardiobacterium Eikenella Kingella
These are tiny gram neg bacilli that occasionally cause endocarditis. ALSO LIVE IN THE MOUTH
Bad Staph
Staph aureus: inhabits the nares and is carried on the skin. Causes skin infections such as impetigo, boils, carbuncles, paronychias. Causes wound infections both traumatic and surgical.
The two mouth aerobes are?
Strep Viridans and Neisseria Spp
Bad Staph is coag?
Positive
Staph Epidermis is most commonly found where?
indwelling plastic devices such as IV catheters and ventricular shunts
Group A strep cause
Strep throat, impetigo…..glomerulonephritis and rheumatic fever
Necrotizing fascitis
Group B strep cause
sepsis and meningitis in the neonate
Bad strep are all —– hemolytic
Beta hemolytic
Good strep are all —- hemolytic
alpha and gamma