path efa

Question 1

What does nutmeg liver show?

Answer 1

Heart failure

Question 2

What is the cause of liver flap and confusion in someone with long standing alcoholism?

Answer 2

Hyperammonaemia

Question 3

What is raised in obstructive jaundice?

Answer 3

ALP !!!!!!!!!!!

Question 4

Spherocytes are seen in

Answer 4

DAT positive autoimmune haemolytic anaemia

Question 5

DAT positive acquired haemolytic anaemia may be seen in associated with?

Answer 5

CLL

Question 6

GVHD anaemia

Answer 6

pancytopenia

Question 7

Obstructive jaundice caused by pigment gallstones in a chronic haemolytic anaemia m- what would be rised?

Question 8

Hep E

Answer 8

Hepatic juandice therefore raised transaminases and bilirubin

Question 9

Pernicious anaemia - how raised would the MCV be?

Answer 9

120

Question 10

MAHA is acquired or inherited?

Answer 10

Acquired

Question 11

Folate deficiency

Question 12

Spherocytes are seen in which two

Answer 12

Hereditary spherocytosis
Gene defect in ancorin or spectrin

Autoimmune haemolytic anaemia due spleen knock off

Question 13

What does the DAT do?

Answer 13

You examine whether there are any immunoglobulins bound to it

Question 14

Is there any such thing as DAT positive hereditary spherocytosis?

Answer 14

No because

Question 15

Symptomatic autoimmune haemolytic anaemia - what’s the first line treatment?

Answer 15

Prednisolone because it’s autoimmune

Question 16

Who is prone to acquired haemolytic anaemia?

Answer 16

Anyone with problematic blood system e.g. CLL
or SLE or rheumatoid

Question 17

Why do you not get acquired haemolytic anaemia with AML/CML?

Answer 17

remember immune system stuff - lymphob

Question 18

Neck nodes - differentials

Answer 18

Acute EBV
Follicular non Hodgkin lymphoma
Acute HIV infection
TB

Question 19

Widened mediastinum/mediastinal mass - what’s the worry?

Answer 19

Could compress the oesophagus/superior vena cava

Question 20

Widened mediastinum/mediastinal mass - differentials

Answer 20

Teratoma (mets)
Thymoma
Terrible lymphomas:
Hodgkin lymphoma
B-cell NH lymphoma

Question 21

What’s the staging for classical hodgkin lympoma? What cells are there?

Answer 21

Reed sternberg cells
Ann Arbor staging

Question 22

B symptoms

Answer 22

Weight loss
Night sweats
Fever

Question 23

How do you treat someone with Hodgkin’s lymphoma which is limited? what’s the cure rate?

Answer 23

Chemo - can cure more than 80% of patients

Question 24

How aggressive is Hodgkin’s?

Answer 24

AGGRESSIVE

Question 25

Do you give radiotherapy for Hodgkin’s?

Answer 25

Most of the time n

Question 26

Does Hodgkin’s chemo affect fertility?

Answer 26

No it doesn’t

Question 27

If WBC count is high and HB and platelets are normal, what would it be?

Answer 27

Leukemia

Question 28

IF a pt has high wbc count, normal hb and platelets, splenomegaly, and generalised lymphadenopathy, what are we thinking?

Answer 28

CLL

Question 29

Clinical picture for myeloid

Answer 29

hepatosplenomegaly for extramedullary haemoatopoeisis, does not involve the lymph nodes

Question 30

Where do we find hodgkins?

Answer 30

Hodgkins - rarely invovles blood

Question 31

CLL vs CML

Answer 31

CLL - lymphadenopathy only
CML - no lymphadenopathy, but there is EMhaematopoesis