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A Unit 9 > Path > Flashcards

Path Flashcards

1
Q

benign tumor of the epithelium (2)

A

adenoma, papilloma

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2
Q

benign tumor of the mesenchyme

A

lipoma

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3
Q

benign tumor of lymphocytes

A

does not exist

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4
Q

benign tumor of melanocyte

A

nevus (mole)

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5
Q

malignant tumor of epithelium (two)

A

adenocarcinoma, papillary carcinoma

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6
Q

malignant tumor of mesenchyme

A

liposcarcoma

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7
Q

malignant tumor of lymphocyte

A

lymphoma/leukemia

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8
Q

malignant tumor of melanocyte

A

melanoma

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9
Q

normal kappa to lambda light chain ratio

A

3:1

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10
Q

cancer assoc with aflatoxins

A

hepatocellular carcinoma

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11
Q

aflatoxins are derived from which bacterial infection that contaminates stored rice and grains

A

aspergillus

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12
Q

cancer assoc with alkylating agents

A

leukemia/lymphoma

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13
Q

leukemia/lymphoma can be a side effect of what type of medical treatment

A

chemo

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14
Q

cancer assoc with alcohol (2)

A

squamous cell carcinoma of oropharnyx and upper esophagus, hepatocellular carcinoma

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15
Q

cancer assoc with arsenic (present in cigarette smoke) (3)

A

squamous cell carcinoma of skin, lung cancer, angiosarcoma of liver

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16
Q

2 cancer assoc with asbestos

A

lung cancer, mesothelioma (more likely lung cancer)

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17
Q

4 cancer assoc with cigarette smoke

A

carcinoma of oropharynx, esophagus, lung, kidney bladder pancreas

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18
Q

polycyclic hydrocarbons are particularly carcinogenic. they’re found in:

A

cigarette smoke

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19
Q

cancer assoc with nitrosamines (found in smoked foods)

A

stomach carcinoma (high rates in Japan)

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20
Q

cancer assoc with naphthylamine

A

urothelial carcinoma of bladder

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21
Q

cancer assoc with vinyl chloride (PVC pipes)

A

angiosarcoma of liver

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22
Q

cancer assoc with nickel, chromium, beryllium, silica

A

lung carcinoma (occupational exposure)

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23
Q

cancer assoc with EBV (3)

A

nasopharyngeal carcinoma, Burkitt lymphoma, CNS lymphoma in AIDS

24
Q

cancer assoc with HHV-8

A

Kaposi sarcoma

25
Q

cancer assoc with HBV and HCV

A

hepatocellular carcinoma

26
Q

cancer assoc with HTLV-1

A

adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma

27
Q

Multiple cancer assoc with high risk HPV

A

squamous cell carcinoma of vulva, vagina, anus, cervix, adenocarcinoma of cervix

28
Q

3 cancer assoc with ionizing radiation (nuclear reactor accidents and radiotherapy)

A

AML, CML, papillary carcinoma of thyroid (generates hydroxyl free radicals)

29
Q

3 cancer assoc with nonionizing radiation (UVB sunlight)

A

basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, melanoma of skin

30
Q

tumor associated with platelet derived growth factor

A

astrocytoma via overexpression/autocrine loop

31
Q

tumor associated with amplification of epidermal growth factor receptor ERBB2 (HER2/neu)

A

subset of breast carcinoma

32
Q

tumor associated with point mutation in neural growth factor receptor RET

A

MEN 2A, MEN 2B, sporadic medullary carcinoma of thyroid

33
Q

tumor associated with point mutation in stem cell growth factor receptor KIT

A

GI stromal tumor

34
Q

3 tumor associated with point mutation in GTP-binding protein RAS

A

carcinomas, melanoma, lymphoma

35
Q

2 tumor associated with t(9;22) with BCR tyrosine kinase ABL

A

CML and some types of ALL

36
Q

tumor associated with t(8;14) involving IgH c-MYC txn factor

A

Burkitt lymphoma

37
Q

tumor associated with amplification of N-MYC txn factor

A

neuroblastoma

38
Q

tumor associated with amplification of L-MYC txn factor

A

lung carcinoma (small cell)

39
Q

tumor associated with t(11;14) involving IgH cyclin CCND1

A

mantle cell lymphoma (follicle-mantle-margin)

40
Q

tumor associated with amplification of CDK4 cyclin dependent kinase

A

melanoma

41
Q

immunohistochemical stain which intermediate filaments associated with epithelium

A

keratin

42
Q

immunohistochemical stain which intermediate filaments associated with mesenchyme

A

vimentin

43
Q

immunohistochemical stain which intermediate filaments associated with muscle

A

desmin

44
Q

immunohistochemical stain which intermediate filaments associated with neuroglia

A

GFAP

45
Q

immunohistochemical stain which intermediate filaments associated with neurons

A

neurofilament

46
Q

immunohistochemical stain PSA–associated with what type of tissue?

A

prostatic epithelium

47
Q

immunohistochemical stain ER–associated with what type of tissue?

A

breast epithelium

48
Q

immunohistochemical stain thyroglobulin–associated with what type of tissue?

A

thyroid follicular cells

49
Q

immunohistochemical stain chromogranin–associated with what type of tissue?

A

neuroendocrine cells (small cell carcinoma of lung and carcinoid tumors) HIGH YIELD

50
Q

immunohistochemical stain S-100–associated with what 3 type of tissue?

A

melanoma, Schwannoma and Langerhans cell hisiocytosis

51
Q

Bcl(1/2): cyclin gene

A

Bcl1

52
Q

(Bcl2/IL2): anti apoptosis

A

Bcl2

53
Q

(IL2/Lyn): growth factor

A

IL2

54
Q

(Lyn/K-Ras): tyrosine kinase

A

Lyn

55
Q

(K-Ras/p53): GTP binding protein gene

A

K-RAS

56
Q

(NMYC/p53): DNA damage response

A

P53

57
Q

(BCL1/NMYC): txt factor

A

NMYC

A Unit 9 (3 decks)

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