Paterns Of Inheritance Flashcards
What is a gene?
A unit containing the code fora protein molecule or one of its part, for a functioning RNA molecule such as tRNA or rRNA.
What is an allele?
One of two or more versions of a gene.
What is a genotype?
The genetic constitution of an organism (different alleles).
What is a phenotype?
The outward appearance of an organism.
What is a trait?
A heritable variation in character such as a flower color or pea shape.
What is an homozygote?
An individual with 2 identical alleles of the same gene.
What is an heterozygote?
An individual with 2 different alleles of the same gene.
What is an autosome?
Non - sexual chromosomes.
What are sexual chromosomes?
X or Y chromosomes.
What are monogenic traits?
Traits that are controlled by a single gene (complete dominance).
What are true-breeding individuals?
Individuals that are homozygous for a specific gene/trait.
What are hybrid individuals?
Individuals that are heterozygous for a gene/trait.
What is mendel’s first law of inheritance?
One version of every trait is present on each parent’s allele.
What is mendel’s second law of inheritance?
If an individual has different alleles for the same gene, one is dominant and the other is recessive.
What are the 2 modified Mendel patterns studied for this exam?
Incomplete dominance and codominance.
