Past Quizzes Flashcards
You hear the sound of footsteps during the day while listening to your PL1101E lecture. This doesn’t bother you. However, late at night you hear the same sound of footsteps while you are watching a show on Netflix and the sound scares you. What sort of explanation would involve the use of Gestalt psychology and not Structuralism?
A) Footsteps in the day are typical, while footsteps at night could indicate an intruder which represents a danger to you.
B) The footsteps sound louder at night than in the day because of the quieter surroundings.
C) You’re more attentive to distracters like footsteps at night because you care less about the show you’re watching on Netflix than you do the lecture you listened to that day.
D) The activation of a memory of footsteps at night representing danger comes from horror movies that you’ve watched.
A.
Gestalt psychology looks at the wider context. Think about the meaning of footsteps and general situations in which we hear footsteps (typical vs atypical) .
A - contextualising a auditory stimuli and relating it to memory or cognition
B - the perception of auditory stimuli
C - cognition/attention
D - memory
What did cognitive psychologists during the Cognitive Revolution attempt to do?
A) Empirically investigate mental processes occurring inside the brain.
B) Investigate internal mental processes for the first time
C) Investigate unconscious processes occurring within the brain
D) Investigate how our experiences affect our behavior
A.
B - it’s not the first time
C - not a lot of interest in cognitive revolution and its more for a psychoanalytic psychodynamic theorist
D - behaviourist approach
Over the span of childhood, major changes in the brain lead to enhancements in mental and social abilities. Children develop the ability to speak, communicate, and even lie. A developmental psychologist who also adopts which perspective is likely to investigate these changes?
A) Clinical
B) Social
C) Evolutionary
D) Biological
D.
All perspectives could be adopted, but to study the “changes in the brain…” is taking the biological approach
Which perspective in psychology is the least aligned with Locke’s idea of the “blank slate”?
A) Structuralism
B) Behaviorism
C) Cognitive psychology
D) Psychodynamic Theory
C.
Cognitive psychology heavily focuses on innate structures of the mind or things like memory and attention. Came into the world with these structures even if they are not fully functioning.
A - structuralism looks at experiences, which is very much aligned
B - how environment and input affects resulting behaviour
D - the unconscious does not necessarily represent anything innate. Largely a result of early experiences and environment
What kind of psychologist would be most interested in understanding the role of smart devices as aids or distracters in learning?
A) Social psychologist
B) Cognitive psychologist
C) Developmental psychologist
D) Evolutionary psychologist
B.
Learning mechanisms such as attention, memory and cognition
A pair of fraternal twins have been raised in different adoptive families since birth. They enjoy similar types of food, watch similar types of television programmes, and have similar kinds of friends. From what we know, this is most likely due to…
A) the similarity in their genetic makeup
B) the similarity of their adoptive families
C) wider shared environmental influences when growing up
C.
A - Fraternal twins only have 50% genetic similarities
Which display of altruism is the most difficult for an evolutionary psychologist to explain?
A) We help complete strangers whom we are unlikely to ever meet again
B) We help elderly family members who are past their reproductive age
C) We would help a close friend more readily than a stranger
D) We go out of our way to help someone at work or in class
A.
Although all can be explained, A is the hardest.
B - elder to care for young such that adults could go out, increasing productivity
When we perform an fMRI scan of a participant who is reading a short sentence, we observe activation in multiple areas of the brain (e.g. the left inferior frontal gyrus). From this observation, we can conclude that
A) These areas of the brain are used to process language
B) These areas of the brain have been activated when we process language
C) These areas of the brain explain how we acquired language
D) We cannot conclude anything from our observation
B.
The other statements are overgeneralising the situation
An increase in the number of neural connections in the hypothalamus of a human infant would likely result in the infant
A) having motor control
B) gazing
C) laughing
D) crying
D.
Hypothalamus is related to the 4F behaviours of Feeding, Fleeing, Fighting and Fornication.
In infants - crying potentially as reaction of requiring care for basic survival needs such as hunger.
Dr. P asked you in class if you think your thoughts live in your brain. This is a frustrating question primarily because
A) thoughts do not live in the brain
B) thoughts don’t have any spatial existence, yet we look at the brain to understand thought, and the brain is spatially located
C) thoughts obviously live in the brain and nowhere else
D) the brain is complicated
B.
