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Toxicology > Past q 19.12.16 > Flashcards

Past q 19.12.16 Flashcards

1
Q

Which medicine is useful for decreasing tubular reabsorption?

A

Both
 Ascorbic acid
 Sodium bicarbonate

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2
Q

Which statement is true?

A

After oral administration zinc can cause haemolysis, nephro- and hepato-toxicity

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3
Q

Which statement is true for non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs?

A

Both
 Cats are highly susceptible to most of the NSAIDs
 During metabolism they are conjugated with glucoronate and glycine

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4
Q

What kind of drugs can be used in the treatment of organochlorine poisoning

A

Diazepam

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5
Q

What is characteristic to urea?

A

Both
 It’s application without prior adaptation can cause poisoning.
 Ammonia is produced from it by ruminal micro-organisms.

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6
Q

Which mechanism of action is characteristic to snake venoms?

A

Beta-neurotoxins bind to the pre-synaptic membrane and inhibit nerve conduction.

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7
Q

What are the clinical signs of acute Buckwheat poisoning?

A

Excitement, hyper-motility

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8
Q

Which mechanism of action is characteristic to ochratoxin A?

A

It increases lipid peroxidation, and the level of reactive oxygen species.

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9
Q

What is the recommended dose of atropine in organophosphate poisoning?

A

0.2 – 0.5 mg/kg BW

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10
Q

Which substances show allergising effects?

A

Pesticides

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11
Q

Which statement is true for anti-coagulant rodenticides?

A

Neither
Neither:
 Their toxicity is the same after single and multiple uptake nor
 They are well absorbed from the skin

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12
Q

Which of the following mechanism of effect is characteristic to lead?

A

Binds to sulfhydryl groups of proteins.

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13
Q

Which clinical signs are caused by Larkspur spp.?

A

Muscle weakness, bloat in ruminants, sudden death

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14
Q

Which pathological alteration is characteristic to poisoning by cyanogenic glycosides?

A

Both
 The rumen is distended with gas
 Blood is bright cherry red and may not clot

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15
Q

Which clinical feature is characteristic to chorine gas toxicosis?

A

Spasm of the glottis

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16
Q

What is the recommended dose of sodium thiosulphate in cyanide poisoning?

A

500 – 1000 mg/kg BW

17
Q

Which pathological alteration is characteristic in urea poisoning?

A

Both
 Extreme bloating
 Ammonia odour of ruminal content

18
Q

What is not characteristic to phenocyacetic acid derivatives?

A

 Very toxic substances
Characteristic:
 They can increase the nitrate and cyanoglycoside content of plants
 Can become contaminated by dioxins during the manufacture
 They are herbicides with a stronger hormonal effect than auxins

19
Q

Which clinical signs are caused by poisonous lizards?

A

Both
 Tachycardia
 Severe pain

20
Q

Which statement is true?

A

Both
 The water solubility is advantageous for absorption of the compounds in the alveolar space
 Primarily the lipid soluble compounds can be absorbed from the skin

21
Q

Which medicine is useful in the treatment of poisoning by Larkspur spp.?

A

Physostigmine

22
Q

Due to their effect, the amount of ionized calcium is reduced in blood:

A

Alkalis

23
Q

What is the most toxic part of Golden chain?

A

Seed

24
Q

Which is a clinical feature of metaldehyde poisoning?

A

Both
 Ataxia, tremors
 Tachypnoe, dyspnoea

25
Q

Which compounds or classes of compounds lead to the production of enhanced levels of superoxide
radicals in the lungs?

A

Paraquat

26
Q

Which is characteristic to poisoning by a cyanogenic glycoside?

A

The blood is bright cherry red

27
Q

Which clinical feature is characteristic to hydrogen sulphide toxicosis?

A

Neither
Neither:
 Causing flow (reddish colour) on the face nor
 Vomiting

28
Q

Which of the following mechanism of effect is characteristic to arsenic?

A

Inhibits oxidative enzymes that are responsible for lipid and carbohydrate metabolism

29
Q

What is a clinical characteristic of acute ntirophenol poisoning?

A

Both
 Salivation, vomiting, diarrhoea, abdominal pain
 Increased frequency of breathing and heartbeat

30
Q

Which clinical sign is not characteristic to poisoning caused by household cleaners?

A 
 Respiratory distress
Characteristic:
 Dermatitis
 Ulceration of stomach mucosa
 Necrosis of oesophageal mucosa
31
Q

Which compound damages the cell membrane in a non-specific way

A

Paraquat

32
Q

What kind of treatment would you apply in hydrogen sulphide toxicosis?

A

Both
 Fresh air
 Antitussives

33
Q

Which mould fungi produce zearalenone?

A

Fusarium spp.

34
Q

What is the consequence if a xenobiotic accumulates in the tissues?

A

Chronic poisoning

35
Q

Which statement is true for salicylates?

A

Both
 They are well absorbed from the stomach and small intestine.
 They inhibit the aggregation of thrombocytes.

36
Q

Which is not a clinical feature of phosphine toxicosis?

A 
 Bloody diarrhoea
Are clinical features:
 Profuse vomiting
 Pulmonary oedema
 Strychnine-like convulsions

Toxicology (8 decks)

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