Past Positioning Questions Flashcards
1
Q
Past Pos Tests
how many bones in adult vertebral column?
A
26
2
Q
Past Pos Tests
most post. part of typical vertebra?
A
spinous processes
3
Q
Past Pos Tests
joints btw articular processes of vertebra
A
zygapophyseal joints
4
Q
Past Pos Tests
Does C1 have a vertebral body?
A
no
5
Q
Past Pos Tests
what must tech make sure to do on spine XRs to improve the vis. of spine?
A
coll. lat borders
6
Q
Past Pos Tests
AP C-Spine CR?
A
CR 15-20º cephalic to C4
7
Q
Past Pos Tests
why is AP C-spine angled 15º cephalic?
A
to open joint spaces
8
Q
Past Pos Tests
During AP “open mouth”, an imaginary line btw what 2 landmarks is made perp to IR?
A
lower margin of incisors/mastoid tip (skull base)
9
Q
Past Pos Tests
AP “Open Mouth” dens shows what?
A
C1 & C2
10
Q
Past Pos Tests
Is the Judd method intended to show the zygapophyseal joints btw C1 & C2?
A
no
11
Q
Past Pos Tests
what pos’s project dens thru shadow of foramen magnum when upper portion of dens is obscured by teeth, when skull base and upper incisors are superimposed?
A
Fuchs/Judd method
12
Q
Past Pos Tests
C-vert. contain what in their transverse processes?
A
foramen
13
Q
Past Pos Tests
detail is improved on a lat c-spine by using what?
A
sm focal spot
14
Q
Past Pos Tests
What XR shows articular pillars & zygapophyseal joints on C-spine?
A
lat C-spine
15
Q
Past Pos Tests
what is done on an ant. obl c-spine to prevent the superimposition of the mandible?
A
extend chin
16
Q
Past Pos Tests
an ant obl c-spine shows the IV foramina/pedicles ______ to IR
A
closest
17
Q
Past Pos Tests
an LAO c-spine show’s what?
A
L IV foramina/pedicles
18
Q
Past Pos Tests
which obl’s are preferred for C-spine? why?
A
ant. obl.; less thyroid dose
19
Q
Past Pos Tests
CR for post obl c-spine?
A
15º cephalic to C4
20
Q
Past Pos Tests
An RPO of c-spine shows what?
A
L IV foramina/pedicles
21
Q
Past Pos Tests
In a post obl c-spine, the IV foramina/pedicles _______ to IR are shown
A
furthest
22
Q
Past Pos Tests
CR AP T-spine?
A
perp T7 (3-4” inf. jugular notch)
23
Q
Past Pos Tests
what manual technique is done in the lat T-spine to enhance the visualization of the vertebral bodies?
A
low mA & 3-4s exposure T (w orthostatic breathing)
24
Q
Past Pos Tests
the Lat T-spine shows what?
A
open IV foramina
25
# Past Pos Tests
on the lat T-spine, the vertebral column must be _______ to tabletop to open up IV joint spaces
II
26
# Past Pos Tests
what can be done on a lat T-spine to improve vis. of post. spine by preventing excessive density along post. aspect of spine?
pb apron behind pt
27
# Past Pos Tests
which XR best demonstrates a compression fracture of T-spine?
lat T-spine
28
# Past Pos Tests
which XR best demonstrates C7-T1?
Swimmer's lat/Twining method
29
# Past Pos Tests
what is performed when the upper aspect of T-spine is obscured by shoulders, when the upper T-spine is the area of interest?
Swimmer's lat/Twining method
30
# Past Pos Tests
if pt enters ER bc of MVA & is on backboard w C-collar, and initial XR only shows C1-C6, & no CT is available, what XR should be performed?
horizontal beam Swimmer's lat
31
# Past Pos Tests
what kind of contrast/latitude is preferred for L-spine?
short-scale, narrow latitude
32
# Past Pos Tests
iliac crest is located at the level of?
L4-5
33
# Past Pos Tests
what 2 L-spine XRs would show a possible compression fracture of L3, by best demonstrating body of L3 & IV joint spaces above and below it?
collimated AP & lat L-spine
34
# Past Pos Tests
if you must perform an L-spine on a pregnant female, what 3 things should a tech do?
1. use higher kVp & lower mAs, 2. increase SID,3. coll. as much as possible
35
# Past Pos Tests
neck of Scottie dog?
pars interarticularis
36
# Past Pos Tests
what is the sm bone found btw the sup. & inf. articular processes?
pars interarticularis
37
# Past Pos Tests
ear of scottie dog?
sup. articular process
38
# Past Pos Tests
eye of scottie dog?
pedicle
39
# Past Pos Tests
foot of scottie dog?
inf. articular process
40
# Past Pos Tests
nose of scottie dog?
transverse process
41
# Past Pos Tests
scottie dogs are only seen on what projections?
obl L-spine XRs
42
# Past Pos Tests
what XRs best show the degree of movement at the fusion site (after a spinal fusion was performed at L3-4)?
lat hyperextension & hyperflexion
43
# Past Pos Tests
why should a pt flex knees during an AP L-spine?
to reduce lordotic curve/straighten spine
44
# Past Pos Tests
CR for AP L-spine?
perp to iliac crest
45
# Past Pos Tests
what should tech do to prevent scatter from reaching IR on a lat L-spine?
pb mat behind pt
46
# Past Pos Tests
what is shown on a lat L-spine?
IV foramina, IV joint/disk spaces of L-spine
47
# Past Pos Tests
how much is a pt rotated for an obl L-spine?
45º
48
# Past Pos Tests
what pos should you place a pt to see the L apophyseal joints of L-spine?
LPO
49
# Past Pos Tests
how much rotation should you rotate pt to see the zygapophyseal joints at L1-2?
50º obl
50
# Past Pos Tests
how much rotation should you rotate pt to see the zygapophyseal joints at L5-S1?
30º obl
51
# Past Pos Tests
what pos demonstrates the R apophyseal joints of L-spine?
RPO
52
# Past Pos Tests
how much body rotation is needed to best demonstrate the L3-4 zygapophyseal joints?
45º
53
# Past Pos Tests
which ant obl L-spine XR will show the R apophyseal joints?
LAO
54
# Past Pos Tests
CR for lat L5-S1 spot when pt has insufficient waist support?
5-8º caudad to 1.5" inf. iliac crest & 2" post. ASIS
55
# Past Pos Tests
for a cone down view of L5-S1 in an AP projection, must angle CR?
30-35º cephalic
56
# Past Pos Tests
S1-2 is located at the level of?
ASIS
57
# Past Pos Tests
another term for sacral horn
cornu of sacrum
58
# Past Pos Tests
term for sup. aspect of coccyx?
base
59
# Past Pos Tests
an avg of ___ segments make up the adult coccyx
4
60
# Past Pos Tests
CR for AP Axial Sacrum?
15º cephalic to midway btw pubic symphysis & ASIS
61
# Past Pos Tests
CR for AP Axial Coccyx?
10º caudad to 2" sup. to pubic symphysis
62
# Past Pos Tests
CR for lat Sacrum/Coccyx?
perp to 3-4" post. ASIS
63
# Past Pos Tests
how many degrees do you int. rotate feet for AP pelvis?
15-20º (IF NO FRACTURE SUSPECTED)
64
# Past Pos Tests
how much do you abduct femora from vertical on a bilat frog/modified cleaves for pelvis?
40-45º
65
# Past Pos Tests
for the Lauenstein-Hickey method (for unilat hip) the pt is what?
rotated onto affected side until femur touches table and is II to IR
66
# Past Pos Tests
Lauenstein-Hickey method for hip shows what?
foreshortened femoral neck, but shows head & acetabulum
67
# Past Pos Tests
humeral epicondyles are _________ to IR for AP Int Shoulder
perp
68
# Past Pos Tests
humeral epicondyles are __________ to IR for AP Ext Shoulder
II
69
# Past Pos Tests
AP Int Shoulder shows what?
lesser tubercle in full profile (med)
70
# Past Pos Tests
AP Ext Shoulder shows what?
greater tubercle in profile (lat)
71
# Past Pos Tests
CR for AP Int/Ext Shoulder
perp 1" inf. coracoid process (which is 3/4" inf. to lat. portion of clavicle)
72
# Past Pos Tests
Post Obl shoulder aka?
Grashey method
73
# Past Pos Tests
Grashey method shows
glenoid cavity in profile; open scapulohumeral joint space
74
# Past Pos Tests
on Grashey for shoulder, a person w a round/curved back needs ______ rotation to place body of scapula II to IR
more
75
# Past Pos Tests
how much body rotation is needed for Grashey method?
35-45º towards affected side
76
# Past Pos Tests
breathing technique for clavicle?
full inspiration (to raise clavicles out of lung field)
77
# Past Pos Tests
CR for AP Axial clavicle?
15-30º cephalic to midclavicle
78
# Past Pos Tests
thin pt's need ___________ angle than thick pt's for AP Axial clavicle
10-15º more
79
# Past Pos Tests
what must pt do for positioning of AP scapula?
abduct arm 90º and supinate hand (salute)
80
# Past Pos Tests
which landmarks are used for positioning go scapula "Y" lat?
sup. angle of scapula & AC joint (rotate until imaginary line btw is perp to IR)
81
# Past Pos Tests
min weights used for AP AC joints w weights?
5-8 lbs
82
# Past Pos Tests
what is done to project the AC joint sup. to acromion for optimal vis.?
Alexander method, CR 15º cephalic to midpoint btw AC joints
83
# Past Pos Tests
What SID for AC joints?
72"
84
# Past Pos Tests
breathing technique for AP scapula?
orthostatic breathing
85
# Past Pos Tests
3 potential errors in skull positioning
1. excessive neck flexion/extension2. head rotation/tilt3. incorrect CR angle
86
# Past Pos Tests
how do you find the sella turcica?
3/4" ant. & 3/4" sup. to EAM
87
# Past Pos Tests
sella turcica houses the?
pituitary gland
88
# Past Pos Tests
neuro XRs use _____ focal spot
sm
89
# Past Pos Tests
which XR puts the petrous ridges below the maxillary sinuses?
Parietoacanthial (Waters) method
90
# Past Pos Tests
what must be done before performing SMV XRs?
rule out fractures/subluxation of C-spine
91
# Past Pos Tests
pt enters ER w possible fracture of R zygomatic arch, what is the best XR routine?
SMV, bilat obl tangential, & AP Axial
92
# Past Pos Tests
what line is II to IR for SMV of zygomatic arches?
IOML
93
# Past Pos Tests
if pt cannot hyperextend neck enough for SMV, what should tech do?
make CR perp to IOML
94
# Past Pos Tests
what is the pt pos for obl inferosuperior tangential zygomatic arch (Mays view)
(from SMV pos) pt must rotate & tilt 15º toward affected side
95
# Past Pos Tests
CR for AP axial Towne zygomatic arch when IOML perp to IR
37º caudad to 1" sup. glabella (exiting level of gonion)
96
# Past Pos Tests
what XR will show blowout & tripod fractures?
PA Waters
97
# Past Pos Tests
pt enters ER and the doc is concerned about a blowout fracture of the L orbit. what 3 routine XRs will best demonstrate this injury?
modified parietoacanthial, 30º PA facial, & lat facial
98
# Past Pos Tests
optic foramina are located w/in
sphenoid bone
99
# Past Pos Tests
what XR best demonstrates orbital floors?
PA 30º Orbits or Modified Waters (just PA Caldwell is NOT a good answer)
100
# Past Pos Tests
what XR puts petrous ridges in lower 1/2 of maxillary sinuses?
parietoacanthial (modified/shallow) waters
101
# Past Pos Tests
what XR uses the 3pt landing?
parietoorbital obl optic foramina/Rhese method (chin, cheek, nose)
102
# Past Pos Tests
the Rhese method projects the optic foramina in?
the lower outer quadrant
103
# Past Pos Tests
TMJ XR's are routinely done w?
mouth open & closed
104
# Past Pos Tests
CR for axiolat TMJ (modified schuller)
25-30º caudad to 1/2" ant. & 2" sup. EAM
105
# Past Pos Tests
CR for axiolat obl TMJ (modified law)
15º caudad to 1.5" sup. to EAM
106
# Past Pos Tests
panorex of mandible requires pt's chin adjusted so the _____ is II to the floor
IOML
107
# Past Pos Tests
the _____________ of the mandible extends upward from the post. part of the ramus up to the adjacent joint
condyloid process
108
# Past Pos Tests
the _____ is perp to IR during PA Axial Mandible
OML
109
# Past Pos Tests
CR for PA Axial mandible
20-25º cephalic, exit acanthion
110
# Past Pos Tests
CR for AP Axial (Towne) mandible when OML perp to IR
35º caudad to glabella
111
# Past Pos Tests
the AP Axial (Towne) Mandible best demonstrates what portion of the mandible?
condyloid processes (bilat)
112
# Past Pos Tests
CR for Axiolat Obl Mandible
25º cephalic from IPL to exit downside mandibular region
113
# Past Pos Tests
30º rotation towards IR on axiolat obl mandible demonstrates?
body of mandible
114
# Past Pos Tests
45º rotation towards IR on axiolat obl mandible demonstrates?
mentum
115
# Past Pos Tests
10-15º rotation towards IR on axiolat obl mandible demonstrates?
general survey of mandible
116
# Past Pos Tests
0º rotation towards IR on axiolat obl mandible demonstrates?
ramus
117
# Past Pos Tests
the chin is extended in the axiolat obl mandible to?
free C-spine of superimposition of ramus
118
# Past Pos Tests
which bones are assoc. w the inner canthus of the eye?
lacrimal
119
# Past Pos Tests
what XR of sinuses does a trauma pt in a C-collar need to demonstrate blood/fluid levels?
horizontal beam lat
120
# Past Pos Tests
what is the sm flap of cartilage that covers the ear opening?
tragus
121
# Past Pos Tests
CR for lat facial?
perp to zygoma (midway btw outer canthus & EAM)
122
# Past Pos Tests
OML is at how many degrees from IR on a parietoacanthial (waters) for facial?
37º
123
# Past Pos Tests
what touches the upright bucky for a waters facial?
chin
124
# Past Pos Tests
____ neck extension is required for a modified/shallow waters
less
125
# Past Pos Tests
OML is at how many degrees from IR on a modified waters for facial?
55º
126
# Past Pos Tests
which XR gives vest view of orbital floors?
Modified water facial
127
# Past Pos Tests
CR for modified waters?
perp, exit acanthion
128
# Past Pos Tests
CR for PA Axial (Caldwell) facial
15º caudad, exit nasion
129
# Past Pos Tests
what must be done to the PA Caldwell facial to put petrous ridges below the IOM & demonstrate the orbital floors?
increase CR angle to 30º caudad, exit nasion
130
# Past Pos Tests
which waters method demonstrates zygomatic arches?
parietoacanthial (waters) method
131
# Past Pos Tests
tube that passes from the kidney to the urinary bladder
ureter
132
# Past Pos Tests
which of the following is not found in the urinary system?(glomerulus, calyx, adrenal, nephron)
adrenal
133
# Past Pos Tests
which kidney is usually always more inf.?
R kidney
134
# Past Pos Tests
avg adult bladder can hold how much fluid?
350-500 mL
135
# Past Pos Tests
when pt signs consent form, legally this means that once the consent has been signed, the pt
may still claim that they were not properly informed of the procedure risks
136
# Past Pos Tests
when do you pull on the catheter to create pressure?
never
137
# Past Pos Tests
when pt is vomiting, the pt's head is lifted/turned to the side to prevent?
aspiration
138
# Past Pos Tests
AP trendelenburg pos (for IVP/VCUG) enhances
pelvicalyceal filling
139
# Past Pos Tests
routine IVPs are done w what breathing technique?
expiration
140
# Past Pos Tests
what is a good example of a routine IVP?
scout KUB, nephrogram, AP KUB, RPO KUB, LPO KUB, & post void
141
# Past Pos Tests
which procedure requires an injection of contrast media into a vein to vis. kidneys?
intravenous pyelography
142
# Past Pos Tests
what must be included on the AP scout for an IVP/IVU?
pubic symphysis
143
# Past Pos Tests
if a nephrogram taken during an IVU shows that the renal parenchyma is poorly visualized, but the calyces are contrast enhanced, what did the tech do?
exposure was not taken soon enough following contrast injection
144
# Past Pos Tests
CR centering for nephrotomogram?
midway btw xiphoid process & iliac crest
145
# Past Pos Tests
in tomography, the area of interest is at the same height as the?
fulcrum
146
# Past Pos Tests
RPO for IVP puts which kidney in profile?
L
147
# Past Pos Tests
an LPO taken during an IVU shows that the R kidney is foreshortened & superimposed on the spine, what should tech do?
decrease rotation
148
# Past Pos Tests
during a retrograde cystogram, the contrast media is normally introduced by
gravity flow thru a catheter
149
# Past Pos Tests
term for voiding under voluntary control
urination
150
# Past Pos Tests
in an AP cysto, contrast fills
slowly by gravity - never by force
151
# Past Pos Tests
(Cysto) what is needed to see the posterolateral aspect of the bladder, especially UV junction?
steeper obl (60º rotation)
152
# Past Pos Tests
what pos do you place a male pt for a VCUG?
rotate into 30º RPO (superimpose urethra over R thigh)
153
# Past Pos Tests
during a VCUG, pt is asked to void during XR to vis. the?
urethra
154
# Past Pos Tests
gallbladder is located where?
RUQ
155
# Past Pos Tests
what is peristalsis?
normal contractive waves of digestive system
156
# Past Pos Tests
what term describes the formation of sacs/pouches in colon?
diverticulosis
157
# Past Pos Tests
veriform appendix is attached to the
cecum
158
# Past Pos Tests
the opening btw the esophagus & stomach
cardiac orifice
159
# Past Pos Tests
what type of pt has a transverse stomach
hypersthenic
160
# Past Pos Tests
CR for RAO UGI?
perp to L2/duodenal bulb (1-2" sup. to lower lat rib margin) midway btw spine & L/upside lat border of abdomen
161
# Past Pos Tests
pt enters ER w possible perforated ulcer, what should be performed?
UGI w gastroview
162
# Past Pos Tests
what is demonstrated on RAO for UGI?
BaSO4 filled duodenal bulb & c-loop in profile
163
# Past Pos Tests
what pos is preferred for SBS?
prone KUB
164
# Past Pos Tests
the supine KUB for SBS is centered where?
@ iliac crest
165
# Past Pos Tests
KUB stands for
kidneys, ureters, & bladder
166
# Past Pos Tests
how much BaSO4 is given to the pt for a SBS?
16 oz (2 cups)
167
# Past Pos Tests
CR for AP scout for SBS
perp iliac crest
168
# Past Pos Tests
PA SBS, after an hour, should be centered at
iliac crest
169
# Past Pos Tests
the SBS is completed after?
contrast passes ileocecal valve
170
# Past Pos Tests
enema tip for BE should be inserted into rectum on
suspended expiration
171
# Past Pos Tests
if tech experiences resistance while inserting enema tip, the tech should
have radiologist insert tip using fluoro guidance
172
# Past Pos Tests
what sign is frequently seen w carcinoma of the colon?
napkin ring/apple core sign
173
# Past Pos Tests
LPO for BE shows which colic flexure?
R colic/hepatic flexure
174
# Past Pos Tests
the lat rectum (BE) demonstrates what filled w contrast?
recto-sigmoid region
175
# Past Pos Tests
if the pt is undergoing a double-contrast study, or just cannot be put in a recumbent lat pos, what should tech do instead?
ventral decubitis
176
# Past Pos Tests
how much do you rotate a pt for an AP Axial Obl butterfly for BE?
30-40º LPO
177
# Past Pos Tests
CR for AP Axial Obl Butterfly for BE?
30-40º cephalic to 2" inf. & 2" med. to R/upside ASIS
178
# Past Pos Tests
why perform an AP Axial Obl Butterfly?
to demonstrate elongated rectosigmoid segments, w less superimposition
179
# Past Pos Tests
what is the most diagnostic study for detecting possible diverticulosis?
double-contrast BE
180
# Past Pos Tests
when performing a double-contrast BE, what must be done to the kVp?
reduce to 90-100 kVp
181
# Past Pos Tests
if pt is having a mild adverse reaction to contrast, suffering from nausea, flushing, hyperventilation, & urticaria should be treated w
benadryl
182
# Past Pos Tests
2 types of contrast media
ionic & non-ionic
183
# Past Pos Tests
which contrast media is more expensive?
non-ionic
184
# Past Pos Tests
which contrast has low osmolality, less chance of reaction, & the inability to dissociate into 2 separate ions?
non-ionic contrast
185
# Past Pos Tests
which contrast agents may increase the severity of side effects?
ionic
186
# Past Pos Tests
what is the correct course of action when a pt experiences a side effect of mild hot flashes, & some metallic taste during an injection?
reassure pt, contin. injection/XR, while carefully observing pt for possibly more severe reactions
187
# Past Pos Tests
term for leakage of contrast media from a vein into surrounding tissue
extravasation
188
# Past Pos Tests
recommended treatment for extravasation?
warm towel over injection site
189
# Past Pos Tests
the rapid introduction of contrast agents into the vascular system
bolus injection
190
# Past Pos Tests
moderate itching/sneezing, mild urticaria (hives) are
mild systemic reactions to contrast
191
# Past Pos Tests
some metallic taste in mouth & temp. hot flashes occur
in many pt's & is an expected outcome/side effect from the introduction of contrast media
192
# Past Pos Tests
how long is it recommended to withhold metformin (glucophage, diabetes medication) following a contrast media procedure?
48 hrs
193
# Past Pos Tests
primary purpose of the premedication procedure before an iodinated contrast study is?
to reduce the risk of a contrast media reaction
194
# Past Pos Tests
what is often given before an IVU to reduce risk of a contrast media reaction?
prednisone (and benadryl)
195
# Past Pos Tests
if a pt comes in for an IVU and the lab report indicates that a w/in normal range of creatinine and BUN levels, the tech should
proceed w study
196
# Past Pos Tests
what should the tech do if the pt experiences a hot flash after the injection of an iodinated contrast?
comfort pt; this is a common side effect
197
# Past Pos Tests
routine NT shoulder?
AP Int/Ext
198
# Past Pos Tests
which shoulder needs pt rotated 45-60º?
Scapula Y view
199
# Past Pos Tests
which XR puts greater tubercle in profile medially?
none
200
# Past Pos Tests
acromion located on?
scapula
201
# Past Pos Tests
clavicle articulates w?
sternum & scapula
202
# Past Pos Tests
humeral head articulates w
glenoid cavity of scapula
203
# Past Pos Tests
ant/post shoulder dislocations more common?
ant.
204
# Past Pos Tests
which shoulder rotation puts humeral epicondyles perp to IR?
AP Int
205
# Past Pos Tests
shoulder XR's are centered to which landmark?
1" inf coracoid process
206
# Past Pos Tests
which shoulder rotation provides a lat prox humerus?
AP Int
207
# Past Pos Tests
what is in profile on AP Int shoulder?
lesser tubercle (medially)
208
# Past Pos Tests
what is in profile on AP Ext shoulder?
greater tubercle (laterally)
209
# Past Pos Tests
what shoulder pos is done when pt has suspected shoulder fracture?
AP neutral
210
# Past Pos Tests
how much do you rotate pt for Grashey?
35-45º toward affected side
211
# Past Pos Tests
CR for post obl shoulder/Grashey?
perp scapulohumeral joint (2" inf & med from superolat border of shoulder)
212
# Past Pos Tests
which XR puts glenoid cavity in profile?
Grashey
213
# Past Pos Tests
which XR shows open scapulohumeral joint space?
Grashey/post obl shoulder
214
# Past Pos Tests
how much do you rotate a pt to get glenoid fossa in profile?
45º to affected side
215
# Past Pos Tests
2 pos/XRs for routine clavicle?
AP & AP 15º cephalic
216
# Past Pos Tests
arm pit aka
axilla
217
# Past Pos Tests
0º AP & AP Axial w 15-30º cephalic angle are ___________ clavicle XRs
routine/common
218
# Past Pos Tests
med. end of clavicle
sternal extrem.
219
# Past Pos Tests
pt enters ER w possible fracture of mid wing area of scapula. pt can stand. in addition to routine AP scapula w arm abducted, what should be done to show this area?
have pt drop affected arm behind them for lat scapula
220
# Past Pos Tests
pt enters ER w multiple injuries. dr. concerned about dislocation of prox humerus. pt cannot stand. what is best routine?
AP shoulder (neutral) & Neer method
221
# Past Pos Tests
pt enters ER w dislocated shoulder. tech attempts to pos. pt in transthoracic lat but unable to raise unaffected arm completely over head; tech should?
angle CR 10-15º cephalic
222
# Past Pos Tests
XR of ant obl scapular Y shows scapula slightly rotated; vertebral & axillary borders are not superimposed, axillary border is more lat than vertebral border; tech should?
increase rotation
223
# Past Pos Tests
pt comes in for treatment of arthritic R shoulder; pt can't abduct arm enough for axiolat of scapulohumeral joint. what other XR will best show scapulohumeral joint?
Scapula Y
224
# Past Pos Tests
pt enters ER w possible R AC joint separation; R clavicle and AC joint exams are ordered. clavicle shows sm linear fracture; tech should?
consult w dr. before continuing w AC joint study
225
# Past Pos Tests
what other XR can be performed if separation of AC joint is suspected?
AP 15º cephalic (Alexander method)
226
# Past Pos Tests
CR AP Axial clavicle?
15-30º cephalic to midclavicle
227
# Past Pos Tests
if AP Axial clavicle shows clavicle w/in mid aspect of lung apices, tech should
increase cephalic CR
228
# Past Pos Tests
what angle joins the med & lat borders of scapula?
inf angle
229
# Past Pos Tests
scapula articulates w?
clavicle & humerus
230
# Past Pos Tests
coracoid process is the most ____ part of scapula
ant
231
# Past Pos Tests
how should pt pos arm for AP scapula?
abduct 90º & supinate hand
232
# Past Pos Tests
what type of obl is a lat scapula Y?
ant obl (pt PA)
233
# Past Pos Tests
which landmarks are palpated for lat scapula Y?
sup scapula angle & AC joint
234
# Past Pos Tests
how many degrees do you rotate pt for lat scapula Y?
45-60º
235
# Past Pos Tests
CR for lat scapula Y?
perp to midvertebral border (or med border) of scapula
236
# Past Pos Tests
the scapular spine is _____ to IR in a lat scapula Y
perp
237
# Past Pos Tests
which XR provides a true lat of scapula & scapulohumeral joint?
lat scapula Y
238
# Past Pos Tests
SID for AC joints?
72"
239
# Past Pos Tests
CR for AC joints?
perp to 1" sup to jugular notch
