Past Papers Flashcards

1
Q

What many elements bind to a octahedral complex ion

A

6

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2
Q

How many bonds does a bidentate ligand has

A

2

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3
Q

What technique does purify and identify a compound

A

Distillation

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4
Q

The absorption of radiation in the radio frequency region causes H nuclei to adopt a high frequency state aligned against a strong magnetic field.
Explain how this leads to peaks in an NMR spectrum corresponding to the different H environments

A

Hydrogen nuclei flip with magnetic field
Different wavelengths
OR
Different energy gaps between high and low states

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5
Q

State a reason why different bonds absorb different wave numbers of infrared radiation

A

Different strengths of bonds

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6
Q

State what is meant by a weak acid

A

Partially disassociated into ions in an aqueous solution

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7
Q

The sodium salt of Heuke acid formed a new reaction mixture during the first step is treated with dilute hydrochloric acid. A white precipitate of puke acid is formed.

Explain why adding hydrogen ions in the salt of the weak acid results in the formation of undisassociated weak acid molecules

A

Hydrogen ions react with the conjugate base

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8
Q

What causes d orbital splitting in octahedral complex 

A

Repulsion from Electrons

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9
Q

State the aufbau principal

A

Electrons fill orbitals in order of increasing energy

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10
Q

State one difference between bonding molecular orbital and an anti-bonding molecular orbital 

A

Anti-bonding high energy or anti-bonding unfilled and bonding filled 

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11
Q

Explain why cis and trans isomerism can exist in some compounds with carbon to carbon double bonds 

A

Lack of rotation at the double bond
Two different groups attached to each carbon atom

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12
Q

Describe fully how weighing by difference Work

A

Weigh the empty container
weigh the container with the sample 

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13
Q

State what is meant by nucleophilic

A

Negatively charged ions or neutral molecules that are electron rich

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14
Q

What is meant by an antagonist?

A

Binds to receptor and prevents the response

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15
Q

Sate second law of thermodynamics

A

The entropy of a reaction system and its surroundings increases for a spontaneous process

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16
Q

Explain how a pi bond is formed

A

Orbitals overlap side on

17
Q

Colour arises in some aromatic compounds due to absorption of visible light .

Explain why the conjugated system in benzene result in absorption of ultraviolet light and not visible light.

A

The energy gap is too large between the from HOMO to LUMO since the conjugated system is small

18
Q

The concentration of cobalt ions in a cobalt chloride solution can be determined by complexometric titration

Suggest a suitable complexometric reagent that could be used in this titration

19
Q

What solvent is used in a haloalkane to alkene

20
Q

Explain why the pH of a buffer solution remains approximately constant when small volume of water is added

A

Ratio of acid and salt unchanged/ the salt and acid re diluted by the same quantity

21
Q

Describe an experiment procedure that could be carried out to determine which of the two solutions has the larger buffer capacity

A

Same volume of each buffer

Measure pH after same volume of alkali added

22
Q

Define the term drug

A

Substance which alters the biochemical body processes

23
Q

The impure precipitate of benzoic acid is produced by acidifying the alkaline sodium benzoate

Explain fully why an aqueous solution of sodium benzoate is alkaline

A

Ions from the salt react with H+ ions from water, this results in excess OH- ions from water equilibrium

24
Q

What is the definition of a bronsted Lowrydefination for a base

A

Proton acceptor

25
Explain fully why a solution of complex ion Zn(H2O)6^2+ is colourless
Full 3d subshell No absorption of visible light
26
Explain the effect infrared radiation has on the bonds within molecules and how this allows different functional groups to be identified
Vibrate Different bonds/functional groups absorb different wave number/wavelength/frequency/energy