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MRCOG > Past paper questions > Flashcards

Past paper questions Flashcards

1
Q

Pudendal nerve roots

A

S2,S3,S4

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2
Q

What muscle does the pudendal nerve innervate

A

Levator ani (PPI - Puborectalis, pubococcygeous, iliococcygeous), bulbospongiousus, ischiocaernosis, external anal sphincter, female external uerthral sphincter

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3
Q

Path of pudendal nerve

A

S2-S4 -> leaves greater sciatic foramen through ischial spine and sacrospinous ligament -> lesser foramen -> pudendal canal here it splits into dorsal nerve of clitoris, perineal nerve, inferior rectal nerve

Pudendal nerve accompanies the internal pudendal vessels along the lateral wall of the ischiorectal fossa, contained in the sheath of the obturator fascia - called pudendal canal
Medial to pudendal artery

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4
Q

Sensory areas of pudendal nerve

A

Inferior rectal nerve -> anal skin
Perineal nerve -> scrotum/labia majora, urethra/labia minora
Dorsal nerve -> penis/clitoris

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5
Q

Does PCO2 decrease or increase in pregnancy

A

Decreases

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6
Q

Does PCO2 increase or decrease in high altitudes

A

Decreases

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7
Q

Does reduced pco2 increase cerebral blood flow

A

False

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8
Q

Does reduced pco2 increase or decrease blood ph

A

false

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9
Q

Do B lymphocytes produce IgE

A

They differentiate into plasma cells which produce IgE

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10
Q

B lymphocytes present antigens to which type of cells?

A

T cells

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11
Q

Which are the 3 types of MHC Class 2 APCS

A

Dendiritc cells
Macrophages
B cells

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12
Q

What to B cell produce

A

antibodies

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13
Q

Do B cells produce complemtsn

A

No

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14
Q

Mode of delivery for women on cART for HIV?

A

Check viral load at 36 weeks:
- If <50 RNA copies - vaginal
- If 50-399 RNA copies- consider PLCS
- If >/ 400 RNA copies - PLCS

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15
Q

Mode of delivery for women on zidovudine therapy?

A

PLCS regardless of viral load

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16
Q

What are the indications for zidovudine infusion?

A
  • If viral load >1000, and presenting for elective cs, ruptured membranes or in active labour
  • If unknown viral load
  • If on zidovudine mono therapy
17
Q

When do you give antiretroviral therapy for babies born to HIV positive mothers?

A

VERY LOW RISK
- If mum has 2x HIV load <50 taken 4 weeks apart
AND
- HIV load <50 at 36 weeks
AND
- Mum has taken cART for >10 weeks
—- 2 weeks zidovudine mono therapy for infant

LOW RISK
- If mum has HIV load <50 at 36 weeks
—– 4 weeks zidovudine monoterahpy

HIGH RISK
- does not meet low risk category
—— combination PEP

18
Q

HIV testing in formula fed infants

A

At 48hr and prior to discharge
If high risk - at 2 weeks
6 weeks
12 weeks
HIV antibody seroconversion at 18 and 24 months

19
Q

HIV testing in breast fed infants

A

At 48hrs and prior to discharge
2 weeks
6 weeks
12 weeks
Monthly for the duration of breast feeding
4 and 8 weeks after breast feeding

20
Q

What are the indications for fetal blood sampling?

A

CTG abnormal in labour
Suspected fetal acidosis in labour

21
Q

Contraindiations to FBS

A

-Maternal infection - HIV, ETC
- PREMATURE 34 WEEKS
- FETAL COAGULOPATHY
- ACUTE FETAL COMPROMISE

22
Q

What is a normal FBS Ph and what is the action

A

> 7.25
Repeat FBS in 1 hr if CTG remains abnormal

23
Q

What is borderline FBS pH and what is the action

A

7.21 - 7.24
Repeat in 30 mins

24
Q

What is abnormal FBS pH and what is the action

A

<7.2
consider delivery

25
Q

Leucocytosis and abdominal pain what is the diagnosis?

A

PID

26
Q

Which cancer does OCP protect against

A

Colorectal cancer

27
Q

Which ascending artery can be damaged during open appendicectomy?

A

Deep circumflex artery

28
Q

Anatomical position of bony pelvis - which two landmarks are at the same level horizontally?

A

Pubic symphysis and ischial spines

29
Q

What are the different diameters of the fetal skull and how long in cm

A

Submentobregmatic - 9.5cm
Suboccipitaobregmatic - 9.5cm
Occipiotfrontal - 11.5
Verticomental - 13.5

MRCOG (11 decks)

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