Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MRCOG > Anatomy > Flashcards

Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

How is the foetus positioned in the maternal pelvis best?

A

Goes into the pelvic inlet transverse (due to largest diameter) and then in pelvic outlet is anterior posterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the anatomical landmarks of the pelvic inlet

A

Posterior - sacral promontory
Anterior - pubic symphysis and superior pubic rami
Lateral - Arcuate line and pectineal line

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the anatomical landmarks of the pelvic outlet?

A

Posterior - coccyx
Anterior - pubic symphysis
Lateral - ischial tuberosities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the ligaments of the sacroiliac joint?

A
  • Ventral sacroiliac ligament (thickening of joint capsule)
  • Dorsal sacroiliac ligament (weakest - go from crests of sacrum to PSIS and iliac crest)
  • Interosseous ligament (strongest) - covered by the dorsal sacroiliac ligament
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What type of joint is the pubic symphysis

A

Fibrocartilaginous joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the abdominal muscles?

A

External and internal obliques (help in contraction in birth)
Transversus and rectus abdominis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Discuss the path of the external obliques

A

External obliques arise from the outer surfaces of the lower eight ribs. Fibres from the lowest two ribs go vertical down towards the iliac crest, the remaining 6 pass downwards and medially towards the aponeurosis at the 9th costal cartilage

The two opposite side external obliques meet at the linea alba

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the linea alba formed from?

A

From fibres of all 3 muscles - the two obliques and transverses abdomens muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What structures does the umbilicus transmit?

A
  • Umbilical vessels
  • Urachus
  • Vitelline duct
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

When do the structures in the umbilicus close?

A

Soon after birth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the remnants of the urachus

A

Median umbilical ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the remnant of the umbilical arteries

A

Medial umbilical ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the remnant of the umbilical veins

A

Ligamentum teres

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Where does the ligamentum teres span through

A

umbilicus to liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What vessels does the lateral umbilical ligament encase?

A

Inferior epigastric vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Which muscle aponeurosis forms the inguinal ligament?

A

Aponeurosis from the external oblique muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Which landmarks does the internal oblique muscle arise from?

A

Lumbar fascia, lateral part of inguinal ligament and anterior aspect of iliac crest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

How to the fibres of the transverses abdomnius relate to the rectus abdomnius

A

The aponeuroses of the the upper 4/5 of the transverses abdomnius pass behind the rectus abdominus
Those from the lower part (arising from inguinal ligament and iliac crest) pass in front of the rectus abdominis

19
Q

What levels are the three transverse intersections of the recti muscles?

A

Xiphoid process, umbilicus, and midway between xiphoid and umbilicus

20
Q

What muscle aponeurosis is the rectus sheath formed from?

A

External oblique
Internal oblique
Transversus abdominis

21
Q

Which muscle lies within the rectus sheath?

A

Rectus abdominis

22
Q

How do the aponeuroses of the different abdominal muscles lie with respect to the rectus muscle?

A

External oblique app - anterior to rectus muscle
Internal oblique app - divides into two lamina - one posterior and the other anterior to rectus msucle
Transversus abdominis - posterior to rectus muscle

23
Q

At which point do all aponeuroses pass over the rectus muscles

A

The point midway between umbilicus and pubic symphysis and below

24
Q

What is the line called at which the inferior epigastric vessels gain access to the rectus sheath

A

Arcuate line

25
Q

Which vessel gives rise to the inferior epigastric vessel

A

External iliac artery

26
Q

Which vessels does the inferior epigastric artery form anastomoses with?

A

Superior epigastric artery above umbilicus
Posterior intercostal arteries

27
Q

What is the landmark of the inferior epigastric vessels?

A

These vessels are lateral to the umbilical ligament

28
Q

What are the borders of the inguinal canal?

A

Anterior: external oblique aponeurosis and skin and superficial fascia
Posterior: Conjoint tendon (inguinal falx)
Lateral and roof: Internal oblique aponeurosis

29
Q

What are the contents of the inguinal canal?

A

The round ligament of the uterus and the ilioinguinal nerve

30
Q

Where is the deep inguinal ring situated?

A

Halfway between the ASIS and the pubic symphysis

31
Q

Where are the inferior epigastric vessels in relation to the deep inguinal ring?

A

Medially

32
Q

Where is the superficial ring situated

A

Lateral to the pubic tubercle

33
Q

At which point does the ilioinguinal nerve enter the inguinal canal?

A

At the point where it pierces the internal oblique muscle

34
Q

What areas does the ilioinguinal nerve innervate?

A

The skin of the medial thigh, the skin covering the mons pubis and labia majora
It supplies fibres of internal oblique and transverses abdomens muscles

35
Q

What is the average oblique measurement of the pelvic inlet?

A

12cm (sacroiliac joint to iliopectineal eminence)

36
Q

What is the average anteroposterior measurement of the pelvic inlet?

A

11cm (sacrum to pubic symphysis)

37
Q

What is the average transverse measurement of the pelvic inlet?

A

13cm (widest points on the iliopectineal lines)

38
Q

Innervated muscles and sensory branches of iliohypogastric nerve and segments?

A

Segments (T12-L1) innervated muscles transervsus abdominis and internal oblique, sensory branches upper buttocks and mons pubis skin

39
Q

Segments, innervated muscles, sensory branches of ilioinguinal nerve

A

L1, transverses abdominis. and internal oblique, sensory branches - anterior scrotal nerves in males and anterior labial nerves in females

40
Q

Segments, innervated muscles, sensory branches of geniotfemoral nerve

A

L1,L2, cremaster muscle in males, sensory branches into femoral branch L1 and genital branch L2

41
Q

Segments, innervated muscles, sensory branches of lateral femoral cutaneous nerve

A

L2, L3, lateral femoral cutaneous nerve

42
Q

Segments, innervated muscles, sensory branches of obturators nerve

A

L2-L4 Obturator externus
Adductor longus
Adductor brevis
Gracilis
Pectineus
Adductor magnus

sensory branches: cutaneous branch

43
Q

Segments, innervated muscles, sensory branches of femoral nerve

A

L2-L4
Muscles:
Iliopsoas
Pectineus
Sartorius
Quadriceps femoris

Sensory branches: Anterior cutaneous branches (anterior thigh)
Saphenous (medial lower leg)

MRCOG (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions