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3.0 Microbiology > Past MCQs > Flashcards

Past MCQs Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Is Salmonella Urease positive or negative?

A

Urease positive

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2
Q

What media would be most suitable for isolation of Salmonella enterica serotype typhi? Why?

A

Bismuth Sulphite agar
Selective for Salmonella species

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3
Q

How will S. typhi grow on Bismuth Sulphite agar

A

Black colonies surrounded by brownish-black zone

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4
Q

What part of the Salmonella bacterium are the O (somatic) antigens found on?

A

Lipopolysaccharide

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5
Q

What is the optimal enrichment medium for the isolation of Salmonella?

A

Selenite cystine broth

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6
Q

What media is best for the selective isolation of Corynebacterium diptheria?

A

Hoyle’s Tellurite agar

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7
Q

How does Corynebacterium diptheria grow on Hoyle’s Tellurite agar

A

Grows as black/grey colonies

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8
Q

White kind of infection does H. influenzae commonly cause?

A

Acute bronchitis

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9
Q

What would slender gram negative coccobacilli in a sputum gram stain indicate?

A

Haemophilus influenzae

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10
Q

How does S. pyogenes grow on MacConkey agar?

A

S. pyogenes is usually unable to grow

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11
Q

What biochemistry CSF results would you expect from a bacterial meningitis

A

Increased protein
Decreased glucose

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12
Q

How does viral meningitis affect CSF glucose levels?

A

Shouldn’t really affect glucose levels

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13
Q

For how long should blood cultures be incubated when querying sub-acute bacterial endocarditis

A

21 days

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14
Q

What is meant by sterile pyuria and what would cause this

A

High white blood cells in urine
Without culturable bacteria

Antibiotic treatment
Non culturable organisms e.g. TB or Chlamydia
Cancer of bladder/urinary tract

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15
Q

What would indicate a contaminated urine specimen

A

Squamous epithelial cells

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16
Q

What is cystitis and what is a common cause in young women?

A

Inflammation of the bladder

95% of cases = E. Colil

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17
Q

What media does EUCAST recommend for disc sensitivities for non fastidious organisms

A

Mueller-Hinton agar

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18
Q

What does EUCAST stand for

A

European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing

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19
Q

Give an example of an obligate anaerobe which is usually susceptible to metronidazole

A

Bacteroides fragilis

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20
Q

Give an example of an organism where extended spectrum beta-lactamases may be detected

A

Escherichia coli

21
Q

What gene is responsible for MR in staph aureus

A

MecA

22
Q

Is E. Coli O157 able to ferment sorbitol?

A

No -> usually unable to ferment sorbitol

But normal E. Coli is able to

23
Q

What is the only non zoonotic Enteric organism (generally)

A

Shigella dysenteriae

24
Q

How is C.diff diagnosed

A

Demonstration of enterotoxin A and cytotoxin B in patient faeces

25
Q

Give an example of a hazard group 3 pathogen

A

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

26
Q

What is Hoyles tellurite used for?

A

Corynebacterium diphtheriae

27
Q

What does sodium poylanetholsulfonate (SPS) in blood culture media do?

A

Inhibits phagocytosis and bactericidal activity of serum

Inactivates complement

Neutralises lysozymes and aminoglycosides

i.e. keeps organisms alive -> stops immune reaction in patient blood

prevents the killing of bacteria by innate cellular and humoral factors

28
Q

What bio results would you expect in the CSF of someone with bacterial meningitis?

A

Increased protein
Decreased gluocse

29
Q

What test is used to differentiate C. albicans from other Candida species

A

Germ tube test

30
Q

What would indicate renal damage in urine specimen

A

Protein casts

31
Q

Is Proteus mirabilis urease positive or negative?

A

Urease positive

32
Q

What is the germ test for Candida

A

We dont do this
Fungal spores are suspended in animal serum and examined by microscopy

33
Q

What would coffin-shaped crystals in urine indicate

A

Triple phosphate crystals

34
Q

What organism cultured from a superficial wound swab is most associated with impetigo and scalded skin syndrome?

A

Staphylococcus aureus

35
Q

What are some tell tale symptoms of S. aureus wound infection

A

Impetigo
Scalded skin syndrome

36
Q

What MacFarland standard is required for disc sensitivities by EUCAST

A

0.5 MacFarland

37
Q

What is the commonest reported cause of bacterial gastroenteritis in Ireland

A

Campylobacter jejuni

38
Q

What organism is associated with pseudomembraneous colitis

A

C. diff

39
Q

How would you make chocolate agar more selective for H. influenzae for use on a sputum sample

A

Add bacitracin

40
Q

What is the most common cause of pharyngitis

A

Viruses

41
Q

What is the most common cause of “swimmer’s ear”/acute diffuse ottis externa

A

Psuedomonas aeruginosa

42
Q

What is the most important virulence factor of pathogenic S. pneumoniae

A

Polysaccharide capsule

43
Q

What is the most common cause of meningitis in neonates

A

Streptococcus agalactiae (BHS)

44
Q

What would be indicative of a sub-arachnoid haemorrhage in a CSF

A

Yellow coloured CSF
Xanthochromia of CSF

45
Q

What is a bladder infection known as

A

Cystitis

46
Q

What infection does S. saprophyticus most commonly cause?

A

Urinary tract infection in the sexually active young women

47
Q

How should you report the resistance of MRSA?

A

Resistance to all beta-lactams

48
Q

Generally how are all wound swabs cultured?

A

Aerobically and anaerobically

49
Q
A

3.0 Microbiology (21 decks)

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