Past Exam Questions Flashcards
What is the chemical formula for monosaccharides?
C6H12O6
Give an example of a monosaccharide
3
Glucose
Fructose
Galactose
What is the chemical formula for disaccharides?
C12H22O11
Give an example of a disaccharide
3
Maltose (glucose + glucose)
Sucrose (glucose + fructose)
Lactose (glucose + galactose)
What is the chemical formula for polysaccharides?
(C6H10O5)n
Give an example of a polysaccharide
5
Starch Pectin Glycogen Gums Cellulose (dietary fibre)
Explain the benefits of a diet high in fibre
(Notes Copy)
What enzyme digests carbohydrates in the pancreas?
Amylase
During the digestion of carbohydrates what is the substrate that amylase acts on
Starch
During the digestion of carbohydrates what is the product of the reaction between amylase and starch
Maltose
What enzymes digests carbohydrates in the small intestine?
Maltase
Sucrose
Lactase
What does the enzyme maltase acts on in the small intestine?
Maltose
What does the enzyme sucrose act on in the small intestine?
Sucrose
What does the enzyme lactase act on in the small intestine?
Lactose
What is the product of the reaction between maltase and maltose?
Glucose
What is the product of the reaction between sucrase and sucrose?
Glucose and fructose
What is the product of the reaction between lactase and lactose?
Glucose and galactose
Classify carbohydrates
Monosaccharides
Disaccharides
Polysaccharides
Give a food source of monosaccharides
3
Fruit
Fruit and honey
Digested milk
Give a food source of disaccharides
3
Barley
Table sugar
Milk
Give a food source of polysaccharides
6
Cereals and potatoes Fruit Meat Plants and seaweed Skins of fruit and vegetables Nuts
Describe the effect of gelatinisation on starch
`l
Give two culinary applications of gelatinisation
bi
Suggest strategies to increase of dietary fibre
no
Explain caramelisation
no
Explain crystallisation
o
Give an account of the formation of disaccharides
ft
Give an account of carbohydrates and refer to the hydrolysis of sugar to inversion
no
Name three properties of sugar
ob
Give the culinary applications of the properties of sugar
bib
Explain the term dextrinisation
nob
What does salivary amylase act on in order to digest carbohydrates?
Starch
What is the product of the reaction between starch and salivary amylase?
Maltose
What does the enzyme lactase act on in order to digest carbohydrates?
Lactose
What is the product of the reaction between lactase and lactose?
Glucose and galactose
Name and explain three properties of carbohydrates that are important in food preparation
ob
List the three elements found in carbohydrates
C
H
O
State two effects of heat on starch
no
Give an account of carbohydrates under the heading ‘functions in the body’
noikn
Give an account of the properties of carbohydrates
ob
State two effects of heat on starch
nbo
Name two good sources of fibre in the diet
no
List three culinary uses of sugar
NO
