Past Exam Questions Flashcards
What is the best description of the link between mutations and natural selection?
- NS causes mutations, allowing individual orgs to adapt to NS
- Mutations always produce beneficial variations, allowing indv orgs to adapt to NS
- NS causes mutations by way of environmental pressures
- Mutations create genetic variations, which are the raw material upon which NS operates
- Detrimental mutations allow organisms to survive NS
- Mutations create genetic variations, which are the raw material upon which NS operates
Choose the correct sequence of steps for the Scientific Method.
- Experimentation, Analysis, Hypothesis Formation, Theory
- Observation, Hypothesis Formation, Experimentation, Theory
- Experimentation, Observation, Theory, Hypothesis Formation,
- Hypothesis Formation,Observation, Experimentation, Theory
- Hypothesis Formation,Observation, Theory, Experimentation
- Observation, Hypothesis Formation, Experimentation, Theory
Two Heterozygous flowered plants were crossed. The resulting phenotype ratio of the four offspring of theis cross was: 1 red: 2 pink: 1 white. Based on this information, this is an example of _____.
- Additive Gene action
- A dominant-recessive condition in a dihybrid cross
- A progeny test
- Incomplete dominance in a monohybrid cross
- A dominant-recessive condition in a monohybrid cross
- Incomplete dominance in a monohybrid cross
In animal species Z, the diploid number of chromosomes is 12. After DNA replication, there are ____ chromosomes; and after meiosis, there are ____ chromosomes.
- 48; 12
- 6; 3
- 12; 12
- 24; 6
- 36; 13
- 24; 6
What is the function of mRNA?
- It is a component of the ribosome, where proteins are formed
- It forms the “backbone” of the DNA double helix
- It carries amino acids to ribosome so they are sequentially ordered and combined to eventually form a protein
- It controls the rate are which chemical reactions occur w/in and between cells
- It contains instructions on how to build proteins
- It contains instructions on how to build proteins`
If occurring normally, mitosis and cytokinesis provide genetic continuity from one generation of cells to another generation of cells
True/False
True
Define Haploid and Diploid
Haploid (n) - has one set of chromosomes
Diploid (2n) - has two sets of chromosomes
Put the four statements concerning the “actions” of mutations into the correct order after a nonlethal mutation has occurred.
A: The enzyme formed has been changed
B: mRNA has been changed
C: Phenotype has been changed
D: tRNAs has been changed
B, D, A, C
How is the process of NS different from the process of artificial selection?
Artificial selection is a result of human intervention
A centromere is ____.
A region where sister chromatids are attached prior to their separation during mitosis
Define Translation and Transcription.
Transcription - DNA to RNA
Translation - RNA to enzyme
What is the General Theory of Inheritance?
6 Points
Genes determine inherited traits & are transmitted in gametes
One gene of a pair may differ from the other gene - If differ called alleles
Paired genes(chroms) separate during gamete formation & each gamete receives one gene
Equal probability that either one of a pair of genes will enter a given gamete - Called Mendel’s Law of segregation
Each pair of genes assorts independently from another pair in gamete formation - Law of independent assortment
- Occurs when two genes are NOT linked
Fertilization of gametes results in a recombination of gene pairs & reconstitution of the diploid condition
What are 3 activities an experiment should include?
- A control
- Repeatability
- The ability to be statistically analyzed
The occurrence of vestigial structures in a species of orgs indicates that _____.
These orgs have to genes that produce these structures
