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BS 162 > Exam 3 > Flashcards

Exam 3 Flashcards

1
Q

This super group of organisms, ______, is believed to have evolved from an ancient protest ancestor that engulfed cyanobacterium; can be unicellular, colonial or multicellular.

A

Archeaplastida

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2
Q

List the sequence of taxonomic groups from largest to smallest.

A

Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Family, Genus, Species

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3
Q

This phylum of organisms, ______, has the following characteristics: are dioecious, have a complete digestive tract, a coelom, larvae have bilateral symmetry and adults have pentaradial symmetry, internal skeleton made of Ca plates; sea cucumbers & sea urchins are examples

A

Echinodermata

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4
Q

What are the two types of autotrophs?

A

Photoautotrophs

 - E from light
 - C from CO2
 - Plants, cyanobacteria, domain bacteria

Chemoautotrophs

 - E from inorganic chemicals
 - C from CO2
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5
Q

What are the two types of heterotrophs?

A

Photoheterotrophs

 - E from light
 - C form organic compounds
 - Extreme halophiles

Chemoheterotrophs

 - E & C from organic compounds
 - Humans
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6
Q

What are the Microbial Eukarya supergroups?

A

Excvata
Diplomonads
Parabasalids
Euglenozoans

Chromalveolata
     Aveolates
           Ciliate
           Dinoflagellates
           Apicomplex
           Stramenpiles

Rhizaria
Ameobas

Ameoboza

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7
Q

Archaeplasida

A
  • Beleved to evolve from an ancient protest ancestor that engulfed a cyanobacterium
  • Can be unicellular, colonial, multicellular
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8
Q

Excvata

A

Excvata - feeding grove, modified mitochandria, different flagella, photosynthetic
Diplomonads
Parabasalids
Euglenozoans

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9
Q

Chromalveolata

A
  • heterotrophic cells engulfed photosynthetic cells
  • Unicellular

Chromalveolata
Aveolates - small sacs under plasma membrane
Ciliate - cillia
Dinoflagellates - marine
Apicomplex - paracitic
Stramenpiles - characteristic flagella

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10
Q

Amoeboza

A
  • lobed/tube shaped psuedopods
  • free-living
  • Parasitic
  • Slime molds
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11
Q

Animals are unique in the fact that they have ___ for movement and ____ for conducting signals between cells.

A

Muscles, Nervous tissue

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12
Q

The fossils of Tiktaalik Roseae represent the evolutionary link or transitional group between the birds and early mammals

True/ False

A

False

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13
Q

Which statment is false about reptiles?

A: They are endothermic
B: They hace internal fertilization and the fertilized egg may develops inside the female
C: They are coelmate and bilateral organisms
D: All groups of reptiles directly or indirectly evolved from the cotylosaurs
E: They have an amniote egg

A

A: They are endothermic

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14
Q

Echinodermata

A
  • Dioecious
  • Have a complete Digestive tract
  • A coelom
  • Larvae have bilateral symmetry
  • Adults have pentaradial symmetry
  • Internal skeleton made of calcium plates
  • Sea cucumbers & Sea urchins are examples
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15
Q

Pterophyta

A
  • Have vascular tissue and a cuticle
  • Sporophyte generation is the dominant one
  • Rhizome present
  • Do not produce seeds
  • Sperm moves in dew or water
  • Occur in the tropics and moist areas
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16
Q

Cnidaria

A
  • Rudimentary nervous system and muscle like cells that are involved in limited motion
  • Have a polyp and/or medusa stage
  • Tentacles w/ cnidocytes w/ nematocysts
  • Adults are radially symmetrical consisting of a sac w/ a single opening surounded by tentacles
  • Examples: Sea anemones, hydras
17
Q

Nematoda

A
  • some species are monoecious and other species are dioecious
  • some species are parasitic and others are free living
  • Pseudocoelom present
  • tube w/in tube body plan
  • Complete digestive tract
  • Cuticle
  • Well developed set of longitudinal muscles but lack circular muscles
  • Examples: Round worms
18
Q

Why are Scientific names are important?

A

Their use avoids the confusion caused by common names

19
Q

Porifera

A
  • Are asymmetrical or have radial symmetry
  • Crystalline spicules and/or protein fibers present
  • Choanocytes and amoebocytes present
  • Generally considered to be colonies or coordinated but more or less independent cells
  • All species are aquatic, most marine
20
Q

Rhizaria

A
  • Unicellular
  • Thread-like pseudopods
  • Can undergo phagocytosis
  • Examples: Foraminiferans, Radiolarians
21
Q

In terms of the number of species, the most successful phylum on the planet is the ______; and based on early embryological development, the phylum, ______, is closest to the chordates

A

Arthropoda, Echinodermata

22
Q

Both birds and mammals share the physiological characteristics of endothermy. How do these animals maintain a high body temp?

A

They have high metabolic rates

23
Q

Mollusca

A
  • Some species have a well developed brain and sense organs
  • A head region, visceral mass, foot, and mantle
  • Well-developed circulatory and digestive systems
  • A coelom
  • Some species have gills while others have a radula
  • Examples: Nudibranchs
24
Q

Annelida

A
  • Segmentation
  • Well-developed digestive, circulatory, & nervous systems
  • Gas exchange occurs across the body surface
  • Some species are monoecious and others are dioecious
  • Examples: Leeches and polychaetes
25
Q

Fish are _____, and have a _____ chambered heart

A

Ectothermic, Two

26
Q

Platyhelminthes

A
  • Bilaterally symmetrical
  • well developed reproductive organs and systems
  • Polyembryony may occur
  • Some species monoecious others dioecious
  • Some species have incomplete digestive systems
  • some species lack a mouth and digestive tract
  • Examples: Planarians & cestodes
27
Q

What is the group of worm-like animals having characteristics of both echinoderms and chordates, and believed to be the transitional form between the two?

A

Hemichordates

28
Q

Which statement is false about birds?

A: They have a 4 chambered heart
B: They are ectothermic
C: Feathers are evolutionary derivatives of reptile scales
D: Many species have a light body with hollow bones
E: The ground theory provides an explanation on the possible organisms that gave rise to birds

A

B: They are ectothermic

29
Q

Stamens are the female reproductive structures in Anthophytes.

True/False

A

False

30
Q

Dispersal stages consisting of 1+ photosynthetic cells surrounded by fungal hyphae are called ______.

A

Soredia

31
Q

Sporophyte vs Gametophyte

A

Sporophyte (2n)

Gametophyte (n)

32
Q

Bryophyta

A
  • Small in height
  • Occur in damp terrestrial areas
  • Have waxy covering
  • Sperm move through water and dew
  • Mosses are and example
33
Q

Which statement is false about Amphibians?

A: They are ectothermic
B: They exchange gases through the lungs, skin, and mouth lining
C: They have external fertilization
D: They have a four chambered heart
E: They lack an amniotic egg
A

D: They have a four chambered heart

34
Q

Arthropoda

A
  • Exoskeleton
  • Variety of appendages modified for various functions
  • Well developed complete digestive track
  • Water absorption in hindgut
  • Open circulatory system
  • Keen sense organs
  • Some capable of flight
  • Examples: Spiders & crustaceans
35
Q

Kelp, which sometimes forms underwater forests is actually a multicellular protist called ________.

A

Brown alge

BS 162 (3 decks)

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