passmed wrong qs

Question 1

what medication is used to prevent migraines in children

Answer 1

topiramate

Question 2

SUPE what is most appropriate investigation of choice

Answer 2

Hip X Ray

Question 3

baby born in breech, special tests are normal what is most appropriate investigation

Answer 3

US hip 6 weeks after birth

Question 4

5y/o with painful limp, hip xrays normal what is most appropriate investigation

Answer 4

MRI - Perthes disease

early disease can be missed on xray

Question 5

what are features of rubella rash

Answer 5

pink maculopapular, initially on face before spreading to whole body, usually fades by the 3-5 day

Question 6

what are features of measles rash

Answer 6

Koplik spots: white spots (‘grain of salt’) on buccal mucosa
Rash: starts behind ears then to whole body, discrete maculopapular rash becoming blotchy & confluent

Question 7

what are features of chickenpox rash

Answer 7

Itchy, rash starting on head/trunk before spreading. Initially macular then papular then vesicular

Question 8

what are features if erythema infectiosum rash

Answer 8

slapped cheek

Question 9

what are features of scarlet fever rash

Answer 9

fine punctate erythema sparing the area around the mouth (circumoral pallor)

Question 10

what is Benign rolandic epilepsy

Answer 10

Benign rolandic epilepsy

Question 11

how does Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy present

Answer 11

presents in adolescence and is characterised by infrequent generalised myoclonic (characterised by quick, involuntary jerks) seizures in the morning or following sleep deprivation

Question 12

how does Generalised tonic-clonic epilepsy present

Answer 12

sustained muscle tone and repetitive short muscle contractions with a loss of consciousness, with a post-ictal period following.

Question 13

what is Dyskinetic cerebral palsy

Answer 13

characterised by involuntary, fluctuating movements (dystonia or athetosis) due to damage to the basal ganglia.

affects muscle control and coordination.

Question 14

what is ataxic cerebral palsy

Answer 14

cerebellar damage and presents with problems related to balance and coordination, such as a wide-based gait and tremor

Question 15

what is spastic diplegia cerebral plasy

Answer 15

muscle stiffness primarily in the lower limbs, leading to tightness and difficulty walking.

Question 16

what is spastic hemiplegia

Answer 16

increased muscle tone and stiffness on one side of the body

Question 17

what is Ejection systolic murmurs associated with

Answer 17

bicuspid aortic valves (turners)

Question 18

What are Early diastolic murmurs associated with

Answer 18

aortic or pulmonary regurgitation.

Question 19

what are late diastolic murmurs associated with

Answer 19

AV stenosis

Question 20

what are late systolic murmurs associated with

Answer 20

mitral regurg

Question 21

when should call ambulance in febrile convulsions

Answer 21

longer than 5 minutes

Question 22

what are features of bone marrow failure on blood test

Answer 22

anaemia
neutropenia
thrombocytopenia

Question 23

what is Mc presenting feature of wilms tumor

Answer 23

abdo mass
ASx

Question 24

how much fluid is given for IV fluid RESUS

Answer 24

10ml/kg over less than 10 mins
NaCl 0.9%

Question 25

what is appropriate place to take baby pulse

Answer 25

brachial and femoral <12 months 15:2 chest to breathes

Question 26

what is definitive management of SUFE

Answer 26

internal fixation

Question 27

what are causes of neonatal hypotonia

Answer 27

neonatal sepsis Werdnig-Hoffman disease (spinal muscular atrophy type 1) hypothyroidism Prader-Willi

Question 28

how does LMN lesion present

Answer 28

muscle weakness, wasting, and fasciculations

Question 29

how does UMN lesion present

Answer 29

increased muscle tone, muscle weakness and brisk reflexes

Question 30

how would cerebral palsy of paravermis of cerebellum present

Answer 30

affects the distal limbs

Question 31

how would cerebral palsy of vermis of cerebellum present

Answer 31

affecting the trunk, head and proximal limbs

Question 32

what is classicla history of roseola infantum

Answer 32

coryzal illness with associated high fever that resolves and is followed 1-2 weeks later by an erythematous rash across the trunk and limbs

Question 33

what are key features of pataus

Answer 33

Microcephalic, small eyes Cleft lip/palate Polydactyly Scalp lesions

Question 34

what are key features of noonans syndrome

Answer 34

Webbed neck Pectus excavatum Short stature Pulmonary stenosis

Question 35

what are key features of edwards

Answer 35

Micrognathia Low-set ears Rocker bottom feet Overlapping of fingers

Question 36

what are key features of fragile x

Answer 36

Learning difficulties Macrocephaly Long face Large ears Macro-orchidism

Question 37

what age are children managed with reassurance rather than alarm for bed wetting

Answer 37

<5

Question 38

what condition is the school exclusion 24hrs from ABx

Answer 38

scarlet fever

Question 39

what condition is the school exclusion 2 days after Abx

Answer 39

whooping cough

Question 40

what condition is the school exclusion 4 days from rash

Answer 40

mealses

Question 41

what condition is the school exclusion 5 days after rash

Answer 41

rubella

Question 42

what condition is the school exclusion after lesions have crusted

Answer 42

chicken pox

Question 43

what condition is the school exclusion 5 days from swollen glands

Answer 43

mumps

Question 44

what condition is the school exclusion until lesions ahve crusted for 48hrs from Abx

Answer 44

impetigo

Question 45

what condition have no school exclusion

Answer 45

Conjunctivitis Fifth disease (slapped cheek) Roseola Infectious mononucleosis Head lice Threadworms Hand, foot and mouth

Question 46

when should u consider pneumonia over bronchiolitis

Answer 46

high fever (over 39°C) and/or persistently focal crackles.