Passmed - Resp

Question 1

Causes of upper zone fibrosis?

Answer 1

C - Coal worker’s pneumoconiosis
H - Histiocytosis/ hypersensitivity pneumonitis
A - Ankylosing spondylitis
R - Radiation
T - Tuberculosis
S - Silicosis/sarcoidosis

Question 2

Causes of lower zone fibrosis?

Answer 2

idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
most connective tissue disorders (except ankylosing spondylitis) e.g. SLE
drug-induced: amiodarone, bleomycin, methotrexate
asbestosis

Question 3

CO2 retention in COPD

Answer 3

Bad part of the lung (emphysema, COPD, alveoli broken down) -> lung constricts blood flow to that part of lung and perfused other part (ventilation-perfusion mismatch) = physiological shunt (blood diverted to good part of lung).
If put on high flow oxygen, mismatch is off and oxygen goes to bad parts of lungs so blood goes to bad parts of lung so is physiologically bad to give O2

Question 4

ROME ABG

Answer 4

Respiratory = Opposite
low pH + high PaCO2 i.e. acidosis, or
high pH + low PaCO2 i.e. alkalosis

Metabolic = Equal
low pH + low bicarbonate i.e. acidosis, or
high pH + high bicarbonate i.e. akalosis