PassMed Cardio Flashcards

1
Q

Name 3 parts of mx of acute HF

A
oxygen
diuretics
opiates
vasodilators
inotropic agents
CPAP
[mechanical circulatory assistance: e.g. intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation or ventricular assist devices]
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2
Q

2 ECG of hypoK

A
U waves
small or absent T waves (occasionally inversion)
prolong PR interval
ST depression
long QT
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3
Q

What does torsades de pointes when not in VF have

A

long QT

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4
Q

Common cause of constrictive pericarditis?

Seen on CXR?

A

tb

pericardial calcification

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5
Q

hypokalaemia rhyme

A

U have no Pot and no T, but a long PR and a long QT

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6
Q

Posterior MI typically present on ECG with

A

tall R waves in V1-2

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7
Q

Widened mediastinum on CXR =

A

Aortic aneurysm, aortic dissection

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8
Q

Bain haemorrhage on warfarin Mx

A

stop
IV vit K 5mg
Prothrombin complex concentrate

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9
Q

Post PCI -> increasing severe chest pain mx?

A

cabg

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10
Q

post suspected anaphylaxis what can measure to confirm?

A

Serum tryptase levels

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11
Q

GTN key side effect profile

A

Hypotension, tachycardia, headache

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12
Q

Pharma mx of postural hypotension if conservative mx fails

A

fludrocortisone - increases renal Na resorption

[or midodrine]

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13
Q

What do thrombolytic drugs do?

A

activate plasminogen to form plasmin

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14
Q

pericarditis ECG

A

Saddle shaped ST elevation

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15
Q

1st line for HTN in diabetic

A

ACEi

[as reno-protective effect]

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16
Q

A 65-year-old man calls an ambulance as he has central crushing chest pain that radiates to his left arm and jaw. As he arrives at the emergency department his heart rate is found to be 50/min. An ECG is performed which shows ST elevation and bradycardia with a 1st-degree heart block.

Given the history, which of the following are the leads will most likely show the ST elevation? why?

A

II, III, aVF

A right coronary infarct supplies the AV node so can cause arrhythmias after infarction

17
Q

what is the name given to this abnormally large drop in blood pressure during inspiration?

A

pulsus paradoxus

18
Q

Tachycardia and tachypnoea with no signs …?

A

PE is key DDx