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Finals Studying - Condensed > Passmed > Flashcards

Passmed Flashcards

1
Q

receptor that anti-histamines work on

A

H1-receptors

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2
Q

receptor that antacids work on

A

H2-receptors

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3
Q

receptor that nasal decongestants work on

A

alpha 1 receptors

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4
Q

are nasal decongestants alpha 1 receptor agonists or antagonists

A

agonists

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5
Q

Mx of genital herpes in pregnancy, once the primary infection has been treated?

A

aciclovir tds from 36w until delivery

can have expectant delivery

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6
Q

why should topical chloramphenicol be avoided in preg women

A

risk of grey baby syndrome

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7
Q

high risk factor for developing PET

A

T2DM

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8
Q

what Ix is contraindicated for parotid gland tumour

A

percutaneous needle biopsy

- can cause seeding of the tumour along the needle track to the skin

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9
Q

1st line anti emetic used in preg

A

anti-histamines - cyclizine

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10
Q

s/e of metoclopramide

A

extra pyramidal side effects

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11
Q

is a corneal ulcer visible with the naked eye

A

no - only with fluorscein drops

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12
Q

is keratitis visible with the naked eye

A

yes - cluster of white cells in the cornea

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13
Q

what eye condition can giant cell arteritis lead to

A

anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy

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14
Q

carotid body aneurysm - associated with bruit?

A

yes

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15
Q

carotid body tumour - associated with bruit?

A

no

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16
Q

what eye problem does prolonged hypocalcaemia cause

A

cataracts

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17
Q

what eye problem does hypercalcaemia cause

A

corneal calcification

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18
Q

age for precocious puberty femlaes

A

development of secondary sexual characteristics <8

8 looks like boobies

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19
Q

acute systolic murmur that can happen post-MI and what causes it

A

mitral regurgitation

- rupture of the papillary muscles secondary to an MI

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20
Q

presentation VSD post-MI

A

acute heart failure associated with a pansystolic murmur

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21
Q

secondary prevention for pts with a stroke and AF

A

warfarin or factor Xa inhibitor (e.g. apixaban)

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22
Q

what to give pts before contrast if they are at risk of contrast nephropathy

A

IV NaCl infusion

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23
Q

how high would CK be in rhabdomyolysis

A

> 10,000

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24
Q

what electrolyte abnormality can thiazide diuretics cause

A

hyponatraemia

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25
Q

Ix for cervical spine #

A

CT scan of neck

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26
Q

presentation of supraventricualr premature beats

A

“feel as if heart stops followed by pounding sensation”

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27
Q

biochem primary hyperparathyroidism

A

high PTH, high Ca

28
Q

Mx of AF if incidental finding, asymptomatic, with rate controlled and CHADSVAS score 0

A

no Tx

29
Q

Mx paralytic ileus

A

nil by mouth, insert NG tube

30
Q

presentation of lymphogranuloma venereum

A

enlarged lymph nodes and ulcer in rectal area (endemic in UK in MSM)

31
Q

artery most commonly bleeding in peptic ulcer disease

A

gastroduodenal artery

32
Q

Mx of pt with septic shock and signs of over hydration

A

vasoconstriction with noradrenaline/norepinephrine

33
Q

Mx of pt with shoulder pain and no nerve symptoms

A

refer to physio

34
Q

Where in brain do changes in early Alz disease occur

A

temporal lobe

35
Q

post op analgesia to avoid in pt with respiratory disease

A

opioids

36
Q

? carbon monoxide inhalation - what do you measure

A

carboxyhaemoglobin

37
Q

Ix after unprovoked DVT

A

CT abdo/pelvis - identify possible malignancy

38
Q

Tx needed for clot prevention in mechanical valves

A

aspirin and warfarin

39
Q

what is a prospective cohort

A

group of individuals are followed to determine how these factors affect outcomes

40
Q

what is a retrospective cohort

A

the group of individuals are looked at after the event has taken place

41
Q

how long should pt be fasted pre-op

A

2h clear liquids, 6h for solids

42
Q

Ix of a non-functioning thyroid nodule

A

ultrasound

43
Q

most common cause of malaria

A

plasmodium falciparum (parasite)

44
Q

how to tell the diff between hydrocele and epidiymal cysts as they both transilluminate

A

hydrocele - surrounds the testi

epididymal cyst - separate to the testi

45
Q

1st line Tx for superficial thrombophlebitis

A

NSAIDs

46
Q

lymphatic drainage of the ovaries

A

para-aortic nodes

47
Q

what to test for if pt has recurrent candidiasis

A

DM (glycated Hb)

48
Q

prophylactic Abx in PROM

A

erythromycin for 10d + maternal steroids

49
Q

Abx in PROM if group B strep isolated

A

penicillin and clindamycin

50
Q

reversal of resp depression caused by magnesium suplhate

A

calcium gluconate

51
Q

ABC features of IBS

A

Abdominal pain
Bloating
Change in bowel habit

52
Q

if preg woman tests -ve for rubella immunisation, what is the Mx of her

A

advise her to stay away from people who might have rubella - and give MMR in the post-natal period

53
Q

breast cancer is a contraindication to what types of contraception

A

all hormonal forms !

54
Q

what secretes bHCG and what is its role

A

synctiotrophoblasts - acts to maintain progesterone production by the corpus luteum

55
Q

Mx PPH

A
  1. bimanual uterine compression + catheter
  2. Syntocinon 5 units slow IV
  3. Ergometrine
  4. Syntocinon infusion
  5. Carboprost
  6. Misoprostal rectal
  7. Surgical haemostasis - intrauterine balloon tamponade
56
Q

is PAPP-A expected to be low or high in Downs syndrome

A

low

57
Q

is b-HCG expected to be low or high in Downs syndrome

A

high

58
Q

combined test for Down’s syndrome

A

nuchal translucency, b-HCG, PAPP-A

59
Q

triple test for Down’s syndrome

A

AFP, b-HCG, unconjugated oestriol

60
Q

quadruple test for Down’s syndrome

A

AFP, b-HCG, unconjugated oestriol, inhibin A

61
Q

which diabetic drug is safe in breastfeeding

A

metformin

62
Q

when is oxytocin given for active management of 3rd stage of labour, and how is it given

A

given after the delivery of the anterior shoulder, and is given IM

63
Q

when should the measurement of the fundal-symphysis height start to match up with the gestational age of the foetus within 1-2cm

A

from 20w

64
Q

meigs syndrome

A

pleural effusion
ascites
ovarian mass

65
Q

grading hypertensive retinopathy

A

1 - silver wiring
2 - arteriovenous nipping
3 - cotton wool exudates, dot and blot haemorrhages
4 - papilloedema

66
Q

does COPD cause finger clubbing?

A

no

67
Q

most important initial investigation in TCA OD

A

ECG - prolonged QRS means at risk of seizures

Finals Studying - Condensed (22 decks)

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