Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Year 5-Psychiatry > passmed 16/03 > Flashcards

passmed 16/03 Flashcards

1
Q

serotonin syndrome
causes?

A

hypertension
Muscle rigidity
Pupillary dilatation
tachycardia
Confusion
Agitation
Loss of muscle coordination
Diarrhoea
Shivering
Fever
Seizures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

side effects of antipsychotics

typical
D2 receptor antagonist

example?

A

extra pyramidal side effects
hyperprolactinaemia

haloperidol
chlorpromazine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

EPSE - extra pyramidal side effects

A

parkinsonism
acute dystonia
akathisia
tardive dyskinesia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

when does tradive dyskinesia occur?

another word for this

A

common after sustained anti psychotic use

choreoatheiod movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

example of acute dystonia

A

sustained muscle contractions
torticollis
oculogyric

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

why does galactorrhoea occur in anti psychotic use?

A

inhibition of dopaminergic tuberoinfundibular pathway

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

triad of neuroleptic malignant syndrome

A

fever
altered mental state
muscle rigidity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

which antipsychotic reduces seizure threshold

A

clozapine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

side effects of clozapine

A

neutropenia
agranulocytosis
reduced seizure theshold and
myocarditis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

olanzapine associated with?

A

dyslipidaemia
weight gain
diabetes
sedation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

notable side effect of quetiapine

A

postural hypotension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

agranulocytosis

A

when neutrophil count is below 100 neutrophils

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is the screening test for OCD

A

Yale brown Obsessive compulsive scale
Y-BOCS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

venlafaxine is a?

A

SNRI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

is clozapine doses are missed how to take t again?

A

re-titrate and give slowly if missed over 48 hours

side effects can be worse after 48 hours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

management of acute alcohol withdrawal

A

chlordiazepoxide / diazepam [long acting benzo]

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

bulimia nervosa

physical signs

A

metabolic alkalosis woith a low chloride

loss of HCL from stomach
hypokalaemia on ECG

palpitations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

common features of ptsd?

A

re experiencing - flashbacks
avoidance - avoiding people / situations
hyperarousal : hypervigilence / sleep problems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

management of tardive dyskinesia?

A

tetrabenazine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what effect does bulimia have on teeth?

A

short rounded teeth / erosion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

korsakoff and wernicke what differentiates them?

A

anterograde amnesia
retrograde amnesia
confabulation

its a complication of wernicke but memory is also impacted

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

antipsychotics in elderly patients increase risk of ?

A

stroke and
vte

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

how can depression and dementia be differentiated?

A

rapid onset
and short history ois depression
alongside biological features

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

if patient cannot tolerate second line treatment for GAD what can you offer?

A

pregabalin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

2nd line management of GAD

A

alternative SSRI (to sertraline)
or
Start SNRI ( duloxetine / venlafaxine)

26
Q

sertraline can cause what kind of electrolyte imbalance

A

hyponatraemia

27
Q

management of mania/hypomania in patients taking antidepressants

A

antidepressants can cause / trigger a manic episode

  • stop antidepressant and start a second generation antipsychotic
28
Q

what effect can lorazepam have on memory?

A

can cause anterograde amnesia

29
Q

lithium ecg changes?

A

t wave inversion / flattening

30
Q

how often should lithium levels be checked once dose is set?

A

3 monthly

31
Q

anorexia nervosa G’s and C;s raised

A

growth hormone
glucose
salivary glands
cortisol
cholesterol
carotinemia

32
Q

ECT is indicated when?

A

catatonia
prolonged / severe manic episode
severe depression that is life threatening

33
Q

what effect can smoking cessation have on clozapine?

A

smoking cessation can cause a rise in clozapine levels

tar in cigarettes induce CYP450
increases clozapine metabolism so reduced levels

when smoking is ceased clozapine levels go up

34
Q

SSRI discontinution syndrome

A

dizziness
electric shock sensations
anxiety

35
Q

TRicyclic overdose

A

hypotension
drowsiness
seizures

36
Q

opiate withdrawal

A

anxiety
sweating
gastrointestinal symptoms

37
Q

alcohol withdrawal

A

anxiety
tremor
sweating

38
Q

erotomania - de clerambault is a type of

A

delusional disorder

39
Q

most important impairment of ECT?

A

memory loss
retrograde amnesia - prior to insult

40
Q

immediate s/e of ECT

A

drowsy
confused
headache
nausea
aching muscles
loss of appetite

41
Q

long term s/e of ECT

A

apathy
anhedonia
diff concentrating
loss of emotional responses
difficulty learning new information

42
Q

absolute contraindictaion for ECT

A

raised ICP

43
Q

when is ECt useful?

A

catatonia - severe depression refractory to medication

44
Q

what is somatisation disorder?

A

excess distress due to symptoms w no identifiable cause

45
Q

what is difference between illness anxiety disorder and somatisation

A

somatisation - symptoms physically present as opposed to a belief of underlying illness

46
Q

tardive dyskinesia is defined as

A

late onset involuntary movements that typically affect orofacial muscles > grimacing, tongue protrusion and lip smacking

47
Q

parkinsonism

why does it occur with antipsychotics?

A

resting tremor
bradykinesia
rigidity
postural instability

dopamine-blocking effects of the medication in basal ganglia

48
Q

lithium toxicity manifets how long after?

A

6-18 months
it can cause hypothyroidism

49
Q

capgras syndrome

A

irrational delusion of misidentification where patients believe that a relative or friend has been replaced by an identical impostor

50
Q

TCA’s

A

amitriptyline
clomipramine
dosulepin
trazodone

51
Q

how does mirtazapine work?

A

blocks alpha-adrenegric receptors
sedative
increases appetite

52
Q

switching antidepressants
citalopram etc to another SSRI

A

first is withdrawn before alternative is started

53
Q

fluoxetine
to another SSRI

A

withdraw then leave a gap of 4-7 days
as it has a long half life

54
Q

SSRI to a tca

A

cross-taper

55
Q

GAD mx second?

A

alternative SSRI / SNRI

56
Q

PPI is indictaed when giving ssri

A

NSAID +SSRI - PPI

57
Q

long term atypical antipsychotic use causes dysregulation of what?

A

glucose
diabetes

> polyuria / polydipsia

58
Q

atypical antipsychotics effect on GI

A

antagonise acetylcholine M1 receptors
> constipation as action of ach is blocked

59
Q

hoover sign?

A

differentiates organic - non organic

pressure felt in under the paralysed leg when lifting the non paralysed leg under pressure due to the contralateral hip extension

60
Q

severe OCD

A

SSRI and CBT

61
Q

z drugs

s/e

A

they act on the α2-subunit of the GABA receptor.

increase risk of falls

62
Q
A

Year 5-Psychiatry (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions