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Immuno Exam 2 > Passive Immunity > Flashcards

Passive Immunity Flashcards

1
Q

passive immunity

A

transfer of PRE-formed immune components from 1 individual to another

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2
Q

Passive immunity time farm of effectiveness

A

effective immediately for antibody function, does not take several weeks/months like active immunization

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3
Q

Passive immunity in treating toxins

A

non-immunized patient with high levels of toxins (tetanus, diphtheria, snake or scorpion venom) can respond immediately

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4
Q

When would you use passive immunity?

A

high levels of toxins in non-immunized patient, exposure to infected individual, suppression of immune response

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5
Q

Serum therapy

A

giving serum of a recovered patient (measles) to a child who had been exposed but had not yet developed the disease, prevented the disease formation

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6
Q

Immunoglobulin

A

describes the fraction of serum protein gamma globulins that possess antibody reactivity

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7
Q

Polyclonal antibodies are derived from

A

a host that had been immunized or recovered from an infection

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8
Q

How would one concentrate the antibodies?

A

precipitate gamma globulin fraction using EtOH and ammonium sulfate, lyophilize and reconstitute

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9
Q

Human Immune Globulin (HISG)

A

gamma globulin fraction concentrate, stable and rapid Ab levels in blood, administered IM or IV.

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10
Q

HISG used for

A

Hep A (pre- and post- exposure), Measles (post-), Hypogammaglobulinemia, IGIV for immunocompromised

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11
Q

Placental immune serum globulin

A

enriched source of Ig

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12
Q

Specific Human Immune Globulin (SHIG)

A

Donors have specific antibodies due to previous infection or immunization

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13
Q

SHIG - Rho (D) Immune Globulin (RhoGAM)

A

prevention of erythroblastosis fetalis

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14
Q

SHIG - Varicella-zoster immune serum globulin (VZIG)

A

immunosuppressed individuals and non-immune pregnant females and infants following exposure

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15
Q

SHIG - Hepatits B (HBIG)

A

following exposure

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16
Q

SHIG - Human diphtheria immune globulin (DIG)

A

post-exposure

17
Q

SHIG - human rabies immune globulin (HRIG)

A

post-exposure

18
Q

Human CMV - IGIV

A

prophylaxis for CMV infections in transplant recipients

19
Q

Contraindications for polyclonal antibody preps

A

IgA deficient patients may produce anaphylaxis, expensive, IM preps given IV cause anaphylaxis

20
Q

Preparation of monoclonal antibody

A

mouse myeloma cell + mouse spleen-derived cell = cell capable of producing a single isotope with a specific antigen epitope quickly

21
Q

Disadvantages to monoclonal antibodies

A

very expensive, mouse origin causing serum sickness or immediate hypersensitivity to MoAb antigen.

22
Q

Advantages to monoclonal antibodies

A

100% of volume is specific for the targeted antigen

23
Q

MoAb in therapy

A

respiratory syncytial virus specific for at trick newborns, breast cancer target, detection of cancer metastases, anti-CD3 for allograft rejection prevention, block autoimmune or hypersensitivity, target specific cancer antigens, diabetes mellitus, neutralize cytokines, complement pathway activation

24
Q

anti-cd3 MoAb

A

monoclonal antibody to specific lymphocyte receptors to prevent allograft rejection, treat diabetes mellitus

25
Q

Anti-IgE MoAb

A

prevent hypersensitivities

26
Q

glycoprotein alpha-4 integrin MoAb

A

prevents migration of T cells to tissues, treats Crohn’s, MS

27
Q

IL-2R MoAb MoAb

A

blocks IL-2R and prevents allograft rejection

28
Q

Anti-ErbB-2 MoAb

A

attaches to HERs cancer cells

29
Q

TNF-alpha MoAb

A

treats RA, psoriasis, Crohn’s, ulcerative colitis, neutralizes the effects of TNF-alpha

30
Q

CD-20 MoAb

A

target CD-20 on small tumors and metastases for detection with radioisotopes

31
Q

Palivizumab (Synagis)

A

respiratory syncytial virus prophylaxis MoAb

32
Q

Trastuzumab (herceptin)

A

anti-ErbB-2 targeting HER2 cancer cells, causes opsonization, complement activation, ADCC

33
Q

Muromonab-CD3

A

allograft rejection prevention

34
Q

Daclizumab (zenapax)

A

allograft rejection prevention, blocking IL-2

35
Q

Omalizumab (Xolair)

A

anti-IgE for severe allergies

36
Q

Ibritumomab tiuxetan (Zevalin)

A

target CD-20 on small tumors and metastases for detection with radioisotopes

37
Q

How does MAB against RSV work?

A

opsonize virus particles, ADCC, and classical complement activation

38
Q

How does MAB against TNF-alpha work?

A

neutralization

Immuno Exam 2 (6 decks)

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