Passive a Active Flashcards
Passive Transport
Passive transport is the movement of molecules through a semipermeable membrane and down the concentration gradient, without an input of energy.
Diffusion
Diffusion is the passive movement of molecules from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration (down the concentration gradient).
Facilitated diffusion
Facilitated diffusion is a type of passive transport where molecules move through a phospholipid bilayer with the aid of a membrane protein.
Osmosis
Osmosis is the passive transport of a solvent (typically water) through a semipermeable membrane from a region of low solute (high solvent) to a region of high solute (low solvent).
Tonicity
Tonicity is a measure of the relative concentration of solutes on either side of a semipermeable membrane, described as hypertonic, hypotonic, or isotonic.
Active Transport
Active transport is the movement of molecules across a semipermeable membrane that requires energy.
Protein channel
Protein channel is a transmembrane protein pore in a phospholipid bilayer that selectively enables transport of large or polar molecules.
Carrier protein
Carrier protein is a membrane protein that undergoes conformational change to transport molecules across a membrane.
Active Transport Types
Protein-Mediated Active Transport, Bulk Transport, Protein Pump
Protein Pump
A polypeptide that transports molecules across a membrane against its concentration gradient with the aid of ATP
Bulk Transport
Uses vesicles to move large molecules or groups of molecules into or out of the cell, also known as cytosis
Protein-Mediated Active Transport
Involves using membrane proteins to move molecules across a membrane against their concentration gradient. Also known as active transport
