Parts of the brain and their functions Flashcards
hippocampus normal function
short-term memory
hippocampus- sign of mood disorder
cognitive insufficiency
-recollection bias: depressed patients can’t access happy memories, manic pts can’t access sad memories
thalamus- normal function
regulation emotion, motivation, arousal, attention
thalamus- sign of mood disorder
erratic arousal, subjective distress, compromised attention, loss of pleasurable responses
-hypersensitivity to sensory input in mania
dorsolateral prefrontal cortex- normal function
conscious thought, executive functions
dorsolateral prefrontal cortex- sign of mood disorder
helplessness, indecisiveness, hopelessness, distorted sense of time
orbitofrontal cortex- normal function
assess risk in pursuit of reward, relate new info into context
orbitofrontal cortex- sign of mood disorder
overestimation of risk and decreased reward in depression, underestimation of risk in mania
anterior cingulate gyrus- normal function
integration of emotion and cognition
anterior cingulate gyrus- sign of mood disorder
abnormal motivation, dysregulation of arousal
amygdala- normal function
fear, rage, selective attention
amygdala- sign of mood disorder
anxiety, irritability, vigilance, hypersensitivity to negative environmental cues
nucleus accumbens- normal function
reward
nucleus accumbens- sign of mood disorder
lack of pleasure, change in motivation
HPA axis- normal function
sleep, appetite, sexual behavior, metabolic rate, adaptation to acute or chronic environmental or social stress
