Intox and withdrawal Flashcards

1
Q

Examples of depressants

A

alcohol
opioids
barbituates
BNZs

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2
Q

alcohol intoxication

A
emotional lability
slurred speech
ataxia
coma
blackouts
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3
Q

General depressant intoxication presentation

A

mood elevation, decreased anxiety, sedation, behavioral disinhibition, respiratory depression

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4
Q

general depressant withdrawal presentation

A

anxiety, tremor, seizures, insomnia

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5
Q

alcohol withdrawal

A

autonomic hyperactivity, DT

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6
Q

opioid intoxication

A

euphoria

respiratory and CNS depression, decreased gag reflex, pupillary constriction, seizures

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7
Q

opioid withdrawal

A

sweating, dilated pupils, piloerection, fever, rhinorrhea, yawning, nausea, stomach cramps, diarrhea

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8
Q

barbituate intoxication

A

marked respiratory depression

*low safety margin

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9
Q

barbituate withdrawal

A

delirium, CV collapse (life threatening)

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10
Q

BNZ intoxication

A

ataxia, minor respiratory depression

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11
Q

BNZ withdrawal

A

sleep disturbance, depression, rebound anxiety, seizure

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12
Q

Tx for alcohol withdrawal

A

if DT: BNZ

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13
Q

Tx for opioid intix

A

naloxone, naltrexone

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14
Q

Tx for opioid withdrawal

A

long-term support, methadone, buprenorphine

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15
Q

Tx for barbituates intox

A

symptom management

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16
Q

treatment for BNZ intox

A

supportive care

flumazenil

17
Q

tx for BNZ withdrawal

A

flumazenil

18
Q

Name some stimulants

A

amphetamines, cocaine, caffeine, nicotine

19
Q

general stimulant intoxication presentation

A

mood elevation, psychomotor agitation, insomnia, cardiac arrhythmias, tachycardia, anxiety

20
Q

general stimulant withdrawal presentation

A

post-use “crash” –> depression, lethargy, weight gain, headache

21
Q

amphetamine intox

A

euphoria, grandiosity, pupillary dilation, prolonged wakefulness and attention, HTN, tachycardia, anorexia, paranoia, fever
Severe: cardiac arrest, seizure

22
Q

amphetamine withdrawal

A

anhedonia, increased appetite, hyper somnolence, existential crisis

23
Q

cocaine intox

A

impaired judgement, pupillary dilation, hallucinations, paranoid ideations, angina, sudden cardiac death

24
Q

Tx of cocaine intox

25
cocaine withdrawal
hypersomnolence, malaise, severe psychological craving, depression/suicidality
26
caffeine intox:
restlessness, increased diuresis, muscle twitching
27
caffeine withdrawal
lack of conc., headache
28
nicotine intox
restlessness
29
nicotine withdrawal
irritability, anxiety, craving
30
What is the cause of delirium tremens? When does it occur?
life-threatening alcohol withdrawal that peaks 2-5 days after last drink
31
What are the symptoms of delirium tremens?
1st: autonomic system hyperactivity (tachycardia, tremors, anxiety, seizures) 2nd: psychotic symptoms (hallucinations, delusions) 3rd: confusion