Parts of Faults Flashcards
1
Q
- flat or gently curved surface along which the movement of rock has occurred.
A
Fault Plane
2
Q
- the actual fracture surface that separates the blocks of rock on either side.
A
Fault Plane
3
Q
- block of rock located above the fault plane.
A
Hanging Wall
4
Q
- moves either upward or downward relative to the other block during fault movement.
A
Hanging Wall
5
Q
- block of rock located below the fault plane.
A
Footwall
6
Q
- remains relatively stationary compared to the hanging wall during fault movement.
A
Footwall
7
Q
- the intersection of the fault plane with the Earth’s surface.
A
Fault Trace
8
Q
- represents the line where the fault is exposed at the surface.
A
Fault Trace
9
Q
- may form in areas of significant vertical movement.
A
Fault Scarp
10
Q
- small, cliff-like feature along the Earth’s surface that represents the exposed fault plane.
A
Fault Scarp
11
Q
- material that fills the fault plane.
A
Fault Gauge
12
Q
- may consist of debris (crushed rock, mineral fragments) from grinding and shearing of rocks.
A
Fault Gauge
13
Q
- type of rock composed of angular fragments that have been broken and cemented together.
A
Fault Breccia
14
Q
- forms as a result of the intense fracturing and movement along the fault.
A
Fault Breccia
15
Q
- the amount of displacement or movement that has occurred along the fault.
A
Fault Offset
