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Brain & Behavior I > Parts & Functions of the Brain > Flashcards

Parts & Functions of the Brain Flashcards

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The Brain flashcards
1
Q

Cerebral Hemisphere

Main Parts

A
  • <!--StartFragment-->Grey matter (=cerebral cortex)
  • White matter
  • Basal Ganglia

<!--EndFragment-->

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2
Q

Cerebral Hemisphere

Location

A

Forebrain: Telencephalon

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3
Q

Cerebral Hemisphere

Inputs from

A

Thalamus

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4
Q

Cerebral Hemisphere

Outputs to

A
  • <!--StartFragment-->

Basal Ganglia

  • Brainstem
  • Spinal cord

<!--EndFragment-->

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5
Q

Cerebral Hemisphere

Main Functions

A
  • <!--StartFragment-->Perception
  • Conscious Awareness
  • Cognition
  • Voluntary Action

<!--EndFragment-->

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6
Q

Basal Ganglia (Nuclei)

Main Parts

A
  • <!--StartFragment-->

Caudate Nucleus

  • Putamen (together with Caudate Nucleus: Corpus Striatum)
  • Globus Pallidus

<!--EndFragment-->

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7
Q

Basal Ganglia (Nuclei)

Location

A

Forebrain: Telencephalon

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8
Q

Basal Ganglia (Nuclei)

Inputs from

A
  • Cortex
  • Substantia Nigra
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9
Q

Basal Ganglia (Nuclei)

Outputs to

A

<!--StartFragment-->

Cerebral Cortex (via Thalamus)

<!--EndFragment-->

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10
Q

Basal Ganglia (Nuclei)

Main Functions

A

<!--StartFragment-->

  • Integration of Movement and Posture
  • Initiation of Movement
  • Cognitive Processes (Loop involving Frontal Cortex)

<!--EndFragment-->

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11
Q

Thalamus

Main Parts

A

<!--StartFragment-->

Several Nucleii<!--EndFragment-->

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12
Q

Thalamus

Location

A

Forebrain: Diencephalon

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13
Q

Thalamus

Inputs from

A
  • <!--StartFragment-->Sensory Pathways (vision, audition, somatic sensation)
  • Motor Pathways
  • Reticular Activation System

<!--EndFragment-->

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14
Q

Thalamus

Outputs to

A

Cerebral cortex

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15
Q

Thalamus

Main Functions

A

Major “Relay”/Gateway to Cerebral Cortex

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16
Q

Limbic System

Main Parts

A
  1. <!--StartFragment-->

Olfactory pathways

  1. Amygdala
  2. Hippocampus
  3. Hypothalamus
  4. Anterior Nucleus of Thalamus
  5. Septum
  6. Fornix
  7. Prefrontal & Cingulate cortex

<!--EndFragment-->

17
Q

Limbic System

Location

A

Forebrain: <!--StartFragment-->Telencephalon & Diencephalon

<!--EndFragment-->

18
Q

Limbic System

Inputs from

A

Thalamus

19
Q

Limbic System

Outputs to

A
  • <!--StartFragment-->Hypothalamus to Pituitary Gland
  • Cortex

<!--EndFragment-->

20
Q

Limbic System

Main Functions

A

<!--StartFragment-->

Motivation, Emotion, Memory

Hypothalamus: Homeostasis (visceral/autonomic NS: e.g., temperature, blood pressure, heart rate, sugar level) & Basic drives (feeding, fighting, fleeing, mating, maternal).

<!--EndFragment-->

21
Q

Midbrain

Main Parts

A
  • <!--StartFragment-->Tectum (Superior & Inferior Colliculi)
  • Tegmentum (Substantia Nigra, Red Nucleus, Reticular Formation)

* Tectum & Tegmentum separted by cerebral aqueduct.

<!--EndFragment-->

22
Q

Midbrain

System Location

A

Midbrain

23
Q

Midbrain

Inputs from

A

Forebrain, spinal cord

24
Q

Midbrain

Outputs to

A

Forebrain, spinal cord

25
Q

Midbrain

Main Functions

A
  • <!--StartFragment-->Visual Reflex (Superior Colliculi)
  • Auditori Reflex (Inferior Colliculi)
  • Voluntary Movements (Substantia Nigra, Red Nucleus)
  • Maintaining Consciousness and Controlling Arousal (Reticular Formation)

<!--EndFragment-->

26
Q

Pons

Main Parts

A

Several nuclei

27
Q

Pons

System Location

A

Hindbrain: Metencephalon

28
Q

Pons

Inputs from

A

Tracts “bridge” to cerebellum and other CNS parts.

29
Q

Pons

Outputs to

A

Tracts “bridge” to cerebellum and other CNS parts.

30
Q

Pons

Main Functions

A

Important area of Synaptic Integration

31
Q

Medulla Oblongata

System Location

A

Hindbrain: Myencephalon

32
Q

Medulla Oblongata

Inputs from

A

<!--StartFragment-->

Bridges between Forebrain and Spinal Cord.

Note: Contains Ascending (sensory) tracts in dorsal portion and descending (motor) tracts in ventral portion. Cortico-spinal tract crosses from one side to the other).

<!--EndFragment-->

33
Q

Medulla Oblongata

Outputs to

A

Bridges between Forebrain and Spinal Cord.

Note: Contains Ascending (sensory) tracts in dorsal portion and descending (motor) tracts in ventral portion. Cortico-spinal tract crosses from one side to the other).

34
Q

Medulla Oblongata

Main Functions

A
  1. <!--StartFragment-->Controls Functions essential to Life (Respiration, Heart Rate)
  2. Reflexive Responses
  3. Contains some Cranial Nerve Nuclei

<!--EndFragment-->

35
Q

Cerebellum

Main Parts

A
  • <!--StartFragment-->Right Cerebellar Hemisphere
  • Left Cerebellar Hemisphere
  • Vermis

<!--EndFragment-->

36
Q

Cerebellum

System Location

A

Hindbrain: Metencephalon

37
Q

Cerebellum

Inputs from

A
  • <!--StartFragment-->Fiber Types: 1) Climbing Fibres 2) Mossy Fibres
  • Inputs: Auditory, Visual, Vestibular, Somatosensory (e.g., spinocerebellar tracts)

<!--EndFragment-->

38
Q

Cerebellum

Outputs to

A
  • <!--StartFragment-->Fiber Types: 1) Purkinje Cells 2) Basket Cells
  • Outputs: Cerebral Cortex, Brain Stem Nucleii (but no direct descending tracts to spinal cord)

<!--EndFragment-->

39
Q

Cerebellum

Main Functions

A
  • <!--StartFragment-->Sensorimotor Functions
  • Movement and Posture
  • Some Types of Learning

<!--EndFragment-->

Brain & Behavior I (7 decks)

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