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Year 7 (Ukrainian) > Particles and Energy ETT > Flashcards

Particles and Energy ETT Flashcards

1
Q

What state of matter is represented by the particle model in the image?

A

Solid

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2
Q

What state of matter is represented by the particle model in the image?

A

Liquid

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3
Q

What state of matter is represented by the particle model in the image?

A

Gas

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4
Q

Can you draw a particle model for a solid?

A
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5
Q

Can you draw a particle model for a liquid?

A
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6
Q

Can you draw a particle model for a gas?

A
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7
Q

Describe how particles are arranged in a solid.

A

Particles are close together
Particles are in a regular arrangement
Particles vibrate on the spot

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8
Q

Describe how particles are arranged in a liquid.

A

Particles are close together.
Particles are in an irregular arrangement.
Particles can move past each other.

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9
Q

Describe how particles are arranged in a gas.

A

Particles are far apart.
Particles move randomly in all directions.

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10
Q

Can you compress a solid?

A

No

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11
Q

Can you compress a liquid?

A

No

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12
Q

Can you compress a gas?

A

Yes

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13
Q

Do solids flow?

A

No

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14
Q

Do liquids flow?

A

Yes

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15
Q

Do gases flow?

A

Yes

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16
Q

Which state of matter has a fixed shape unless you apply a force?

A

Solid

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17
Q

Which state of matter takes the shape of the bottom of a container?

A

Liquid

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18
Q

Which state of matter takes the shape of the whole container?

A

Gas

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19
Q

In which two states of matter can particles move?

A

Liquids and Gases

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20
Q

Name the change of state labelled ‘a’.

A

Melting

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21
Q

Name the change of state labelled ‘b’.

A

Freezing

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22
Q

Name the change of state labelled ‘c’.

A

Boiling

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23
Q

Name the change of state labelled ‘d’.

A

Condensing

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24
Q

What happens to the particles in a solid when it melts?

A

The particles gain energy.
The particles vibrate more.
The particles start to move.

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25
Q

What do the horizontal lines on the graph represent?

A

A change of state

26
Q

What is diffusion?

A

The movement of particles from a high to low concentration

27
Q

What three factors affect the rate of diffusion?

A

Temperature
Particle Size
The state of the substance that is diffusing

28
Q

In which state does diffusion happen most quickly?

A

Gas

29
Q

In which state does diffusion not happen?

A

Solid

30
Q

How does temperature affect diffusion?

A

The higher the temperature, the faster the rate of diffusion.

31
Q

How does particle size affect diffusion?

A

Smaller particles diffuse more quickly than larger particles.

32
Q

Why does diffusion happen faster at higher temperatures?

A

The particles are moving faster

33
Q

Why does diffusion happen faster in gases?

A

The particles are far apart. They travel a long way before colliding with another particle.

34
Q

What equation links pressure, force and area.

A

Pressure = force / area

35
Q

When you add gas particles to a container, what happens to the pressure inside?

A

It increases

36
Q

What causes pressure inside a container?

A

Particles colliding with the walls of the container

37
Q

What are the units for energy?

A

Joules (J)

38
Q

What does the law of the conservation of energy state?

A

Energy cannot be created or destroyed.

39
Q

What type of energy store is food and fuels?

A

Chemical energy store

40
Q

Name the five main energy stores

A
  1. Chemical
  2. Thermal
  3. Kinetic
  4. Gravitational potential
  5. Elastic potential
41
Q

Describe the main energy transfer when a fuel burns

A

The chemical energy store decreases

and

The thermal energy store increases

42
Q

What are the three main ways of transferring energy?

A
  1. Electrical current
  2. Light
  3. Sound
43
Q

What piece of equipment is used to measure temperature?

A

A thermometer

44
Q

What are the units for temperature?

A

Degrees celsius (oC)

45
Q

What happens to the energy transfer when an object is at equilibrium with its surroundings.

A

No more energy is transferred between the energy store of the object and its surroundings.

46
Q

Which of the following does not involve particles?

  • Conduction
  • Convection
  • Radiation
A

Radiation does not involve particles

47
Q

Name the energy transfer that occurs in solids

A

Conduction

48
Q

Name the energy transfer that occurs in liquids and gases

A

Convection

49
Q

Describe how energy is transferred by conduction

A
  • Energy is transferred to particles
  • Particles vibrate more
  • Particles collide with neighbouring particles and energy is transferred
50
Q

What is the name given to materials that are poor conductors?

A

Insulators

51
Q

Give some examples of renewable energy resources

A
  • Wind
  • Solar
  • Hydroelectric
  • Wave
  • Tidal
  • Geothermal
  • Biomass
52
Q

What are the three fossil fuels?

A

Coal, oil and gas

53
Q

Give examples of non-renewable energy sources

A

Nuclear and fossil fuels (coal, oil, gas)

54
Q

What does renewable mean?

A

It will not run out

55
Q

What pollutants can be released when fossil fuels burn?

A

Carbon dioxide

Sulfur dioxide

Solid particulates

Nitrogen oxide

56
Q

Name the gas that causes global warming

A

Carbon dioxide

57
Q

What equation links power, energy transferred and time?

A

power = energy transferred / time

58
Q

What are the units for power?

A

Watts (W)

59
Q

What units are often used to measure energy usage in the home?

A

kilowatt hours (kWh)

60
Q

What equation links work done, force and distance?

A

Work done = force x distance

61
Q

What are the units for work done?

A

Joules (J) (because it’s the same as energy transferred).

62
Q

What are the units for force?

A

Newtons, N

Year 7 (Ukrainian) (9 decks)

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