Earth and Space MTA

Question 1

What is molten rock inside a volcano called?

Answer 1

Magma

Question 2

What is molten rock outside a volcano called?

Answer 2

Lava

Question 3

Name the group of rocks formed by sediments falling to the bottom of the sea.

Answer 3

Sedimentary rocks

Question 4

Name the group of rocks formed by volcanic activity.

Answer 4

Igneous rocks

Question 5

Name the group of rocks made under specific condition of heat and pressure.

Answer 5

Metamorphic rocks

Question 6

Give an example of a sedimentary rock

Answer 6

Examples include: limestone and sandstone

Question 7

Give an example of a metamorphic rock

Answer 7

Examples include: marble and slate

Question 8

Give an example of an igneous rock

Answer 8

Examples include: Granite and obsidian

Question 9

What type of weathering is caused by animals and plants?

Answer 9

Biological weathering

Question 10

Freeze-thaw is an example of what type of weathering?

Answer 10

Physical weathering

Question 11

Acid rain is an example of what type of weathering?

Answer 11

Chemical weathering

Question 12

Name the three types of weathering

Answer 12

Biological
Chemical
Physical

Question 13

Write the following stages of sedimentary rock formation in order:

cementation, sedimentation, compaction, transportation, deposition

Answer 13

1) transportation
2) deposition
3) sedimentation
4) compaction
5) cementation

Question 14

Name part A

Answer 14

Crust

Question 15

Name part B

Answer 15

Mantle

Question 16

Name part C

Answer 16

Outer core

Question 17

Name part D

Answer 17

Inner core

Question 18

How are igneous rocks with small crystals made?

Answer 18

• Outside the volcano
• When the lava cools quickly

Question 19

How are igneous rocks with large crystals made?

Answer 19

• Inside the volcano
• When magma calls slowly

Question 20

What are igneous rocks made inside the volcano called?

Answer 20

Intrusive igneous rocks

Question 21

What are igneous rocks made outside the volcano called?

Answer 21

Extrusive igneous rocks

Question 22

What two conditions are needed to make metamorphic rocks?

Answer 22

Heat and pressure

Question 23

What gas makes up approx 80% of the Earth’s atmosphere?

Answer 23

Nitrogen

Question 24

What gas makes up approx 21% of the Earth’s atmosphere?

Answer 24

Oxygen

Question 25

What gas makes up approx 0.04% of the Earth’s atmosphere?

Answer 25

Carbon dioxide

Question 26

What are the main two gases that contribute to global warming?

Answer 26

Carbon dioxide and methane

Question 27

Name the process in the carbon cycle in which plants take in carbon dioxide

Answer 27

Photosynthesis

Question 28

Name the process in the carbon cycle in which plants and animals release carbon dioxide

Answer 28

Respiration

Question 29

What is the scientific word for burning?

Answer 29

Combustion

Question 30

Name two processes in the carbon cycle that release carbon dioxide

Answer 30

Respiration

Combustion of wood / fossil fuels

Question 31

Name two processes in the carbon cycle that take in carbon dioxide

Answer 31

Dissolved in oceans

Photosynthesis

Question 32

What state is the inner core? Solid, liquid or gas?

Answer 32

Solid

Question 33

Give two causes of climate change

Answer 33

Burning fossil fuels

Deforestation

Question 34

Give two consequences of climate change

Answer 34

Any two from:

More droughts

More floods

Rising sea levels

More frequent extreme weather events

etc.

Question 35

Give two advantages of recycling

Answer 35

Any two from:

• Less resources used
• Less energy used
• Less waste sent to landfill

Question 36

What ‘type’ of data is written as words?

Answer 36

Categoric data