Particles

Question 1

Difference between Beta- and Beta+

Answer 1

Beta+ converts protons into neutron, positron and neutrino.
Beta- converts neutrons into proton, electron and antineutrino.

Question 2

What are proton & neutrons quarks?

Answer 2

Proton - UUD
Neutron - UDD
These are held together by the weak nuclear force.

Question 3

What are leptons and hadrons?

Answer 3

Leptons are electrons, neutrinos etc.
There are two types of hadrons -
Baryons: made up of 3x quarks e.g, protons, neutrons.
Mesons: made up of 1 quark and 1 antiquark.

Question 4

What is the approx density of a nucleus and an atom?

Answer 4

Approx density of nucleus: 1x10^17
Approx density of atom: 1x10^3
The nucleus is more dense.

Question 5

What is the mass defect?

Answer 5

The mass defect is the difference between the mass of a nucleus and the sum of the mass of its nucleons (protons&neutrons) if they were separated.

Question 6

What are bosons?

Answer 6

Bosons are things that carry charge(force):
-Photons (electromagnetic force)
-Gluon (strong nuclear force)
-Z,W (weak nuclear force)