Particle Theory

Question 1

How many points are there about particle theory?

Answer 1

4

Question 2

What are the points?

Answer 2

1. All matter is made up of extremely tiny particles.
2. Each pure substance has its own kind of particles, different from the particles of other substances.
3. Particles are always moving. Particles at a higher temp. are generally moving faster, on average than particles at a lower temperature.
4. Particles attract each other.

Question 3

What is matter?

Answer 3

Anything that has:

1. Mass
2. Volume

Question 4

What are physical properties?

Answer 4

The characteristics of a substance. There are two types: qualitative and quantitative.

Question 5

What is qualitative?

Answer 5

It’s about the description of a substance by using the 5 senses.

Question 6

How many qualitative physical properties are there?

Answer 6

5

Question 7

What are the qualitative physical properties of matter?

Answer 7

1. Colour Appearance: Colourless, white, black, shiny, dull.
2. Texture: Fine, course, smooth, gritty,
3. Odour: Odourless, spicy, sharp, burnt.
4. Clarity: Transparent, translucent, opaque.
5. Taste: Sweet, sour, salty, buttery.

Question 8

What is quantitative?

Answer 8

It is about measurement & numerical.

Question 9

How many typical physical properties are there?

Answer 9

8. They are also quantitative properties.

Question 10

What are the typical/quantitative physical properties of matter?

Answer 10

1. Hardness- The measure of the resistance of a solid to being scratched or dented. A harder Material will dent a softer one.

Rank from hardest to softest e.g. Diamond, steel nails, glass, chalk.

2. Malleability- The ability to be hammered or bent into different shapes (e.g. aluminum foil).
3. Ductility- Can be pulled into wires (e.g. copper wires).
4. Melting & Boiling Points- The temperatures at which substances change states (e.g. M.P. = 0ºC , B.P. = 100 ºC)
5. Crystal Form- The solid forms of minerals (e.g. sodium chloride = table salt).
6. Solubility- The ability of a substance to dissolve in a solvent.
7. Viscosity- Refers to how easily a liquid flows: the thicker the liquid the more viscious it is.
8. Density- The amount of mass per unit volume of that matter (kg/cm^3)

Question 11

What are chemical properties?

Answer 11

They describe the behaviour of a substance as it becomes a new substance.

Question 12

How many chemical properties are there?

Answer 12

2

Question 13

What are the chemical properties?

Answer 13

1. Combustibility- the ability of a substance to burn. In order to burn a substance, it requires oxygen.
2. Reacting with an acid- a chemical property where an acid is poured on a substance it produces a gas and bubbles.