Particle nature of Matter Flashcards
What is diffusion
The Movement of particles from a high concentration to a low concentration.
Why does the temperature remain constant during a change of phase?
All of the energy is used in breaking the bonds of the particles.
What are the three basic assumptions of the kinetic molecular theory.
Matter is made up of tiny particles.
These particles are in constant random motion.
The higher the temperature, the faster the speed of the particles.
Properties of solids. Energy Arrangement Forces Shape
Low energy particles vibrate around a fixed point.
Particles are tightly packed together (Lattice)
Very strong forces
Retains own shape
Properties of liquids Energy Arrangement Forces Shape
More Energy than in solid, particles slide over one another.
Random arrangement, small spaces but still touching.
Weaker forces than in solids
Takes shape of container
Properties of Gas Energy Arrangement Forces Shape
High energy - constantly moving
Random arrangement - big spaces
Very weak forces
Takes shape and fills container.
Give the definition of an atom
Smallest building block of matter
Give the definition of a compound
A group of two or more different atoms are attracted to each other by relatively large strong forces/bonds. Atoms are combined in definite proportions.
Properties of covalent molecular structures
Low melting point
Poor conductors of electricity in any state
Not very strong
Will dissolve in some solvent
Properties of covalent network structures.
Very high melting/boiling point
Poor conductors of electricity
Very hard and strong, do not dissolve.
Properties of ionic compounds
High melting points.
Conductors only when molten or in solution
Hard but brittle
Mostly soluble
Properties of metallic structures
Dense strong - high melting/boiling point.
Good conductors of electricity - free electrons carry charge.
