Particle Nature

Question 1

Define “matter”.

Answer 1

Any substance that has mass and takes up space by having volume.

Question 2

Define “mass”.

Answer 2

The amount of matter in something.

Question 3

Name the 4 main ideas of the particle model.

Answer 3

1. All matter is made up of tiny particles.
2. The particles of matter are always moving.
3. The particles have spaces between them.
4. Adding heat to matter makes the particles move faster.

Question 4

What does “atomos” mean?

Answer 4

Indivisible.

Question 5

MATTER IS MADE UP OF TINY PARTICLES:

______ are the smallest part of matter (an element).
_______ are made up of 2 or more atoms that are bonded together.
_____ are charged particles (+/-)

Answer 5

1. Atoms.
2. Molecules.
3. Ions.

Question 6

PARTICLES ARE CONSTANTLY MOVING:

All particles _____ ______ of attraction and repulsion on each other = all particles have ________ energy, therefore particles motion is _________ to the human eye.

Answer 6

1. Exert forces.
2. Kinetic.
3. Invisible.

Question 7

PARTICLES HAVE SPACES BETWEEN THEM:

Solids are close-packed arrangements of atoms, called ________ ________.
Liquids are quite _______ packed.
Gases are ____ apart, and can be compressed.

Answer 7

1. Crystal lattices.
2. Closely.
3. Far.

Question 8

ADDING HEAT MAKES PARTICLES MOVE FASTER:

When you add heat to a substance, the molecules and substances move _______ and the spaces between particles ________.
And 3 physical states will ________ when heated and _______ when cooled.

Answer 8

1. Faster.
2. Increases.
3. Expand.
4. Contract.

Question 9

Name 3 characteristics of solids.

Answer 9

1. High density.
2. Cannot be compressed.
3. Fixed shape and volume.

Question 10

Name 3 characteristics of liquids.

Answer 10

1. Fairly high density.
2. Cannot be compressed.
3. Takes up the shape of the bottom of its container.

Question 11

Name 3 characteristics of gases.

Answer 11

1. Low density.
2. Can be compressed.
3. No fixed shape.