Atomic Structure Flashcards
Atoms are made up three of sub-atomic
particles: _______ (positively charged); _______ (neutral charge); _______ (negative charge)
The _______ is the centre of the atom and it
contains the ________ and the _______.
The nucleus is surrounded by ________ ______ and this
is where the ________ are found, rotating
around the nucleus.
- Protons; neutrons; electrons.
- Nucleas; protons; neutrons,
- Energy shells; electrons.
MASS:
Atoms are so light that scientists measure their masses in _______ _____ units instead of kilograms or even milligrams.
CHARGE:
Protons and electrons both carry a charge.
Protons are _______ charges and
electrons are _______ charges.
Neutrons carry no charge.
- Atomic mass.
2. Positively; negatively.
Name 5 characteristics of metals.
- Usually solids at room temp.
- Shiny.
- High melting point.
- Conduct electricity and heat.
- Malleable and ductile.
Name 4 characteristics of non-metals.
- Can be solids/liquids/gases at room temp.
- Dull.
- Poor conductors of electricity and heat.
- Brittle.
ARRANGING ELEMENTS:
The bigger number is called the _______ _______ or ____ _______. It is the sum of the
number of protons and neutrons in the atom –
which is basically its entire mass.
The smaller number is the _______ ________ or
_______ ________. It is the total number of protons
in the nucleus, and the total number of electrons so that the charges cancel and the atom is neutral.
- Nucleon number or mass number.
2. Proton number or atomic number
What is an “isotope”?
Isotopes are atoms of the same element, with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.
What is an “ion”?
An atom with a charge is called an ion. Ions can be positive or negative.
Atoms can gain or lose electrons. Protons and neutrons are fixed inside the nucleus.
When an atom gains an electron, it will become negatively charged. When an atom loses an electron, it will become positively charged.
