Particle model of matter Flashcards
Describe features of a solid:
- Strong forces of attraction hold the particles close together in a fixed regular arrangement
- The particles have very little energy so they vibrate on their fixed possessions
- The density is the highest out of the three states
Describe the features of a liquid
- There are weaker forces of attraction between particles
- Particles are close together but can move so have irregular arrangement
- They move slowly in random directions
- They are less dense than solids
Describe the features of a gas
- There are almost no forces of attraction between particles
- They are free to move in random directions and fast speeds
- They have very low density’s
What is the equation for density?
mass (kg) / volume (m2)
Which is the most dense?
- Solid
- Liquid
- Gas
Solid
What piece of equipment do you use to find the volume of something?
A eureka can full of water
Method to find the density of a solid?
Place solid in eureka can full the line of water
Measure mass of solid
Use equation mass/volume to find density
What is specific heat capacity?
The amount of energy it takes to heat 1kg of a substance by 1 degree
What does a change in state do?
Change the physical form
Or
Change the chemical form
It changes the physical form without making a new substance
If a substance changes state what happens to the particles?
The amount doesn’t change but the formation does
What is Specific Latent Heat
BE CAREFUL ITS NOT SHC
Its the amount of energy needed to change 1 kg of substance from one state to another without changing its temperature
How do you work out the energy needed to do SLH
Energy = mass x specific latent heat
What happens if you heat particles?
When you heat particles they get more energy so they move faster. When they move faster they collide more leading to move pressure building faster
What does pressure do to an object?
- If pressure builds up it causes a net outward force
- If a material is malleable (e.g. a balloon) it will be reshaped
