particle model of matter Flashcards

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1
Q

define density

A

how much mass something has per unit of its volume

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2
Q

what is the equation for density

A

density = mass/volume

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3
Q

what are the states of matter in order of density of atoms (least to most) and what does this depend on

A

gas, solid, liquid
depends on the spacing of the atoms

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4
Q

what does it mean by mass is conserved during state changes

A

if 20g of liquid evaporates, 20g of gas will be present

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5
Q

draw a diagram or explain state changes

A

melting evaporating
solid liquid gas
freezing condensing
solid to gas - sublimation

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6
Q

why are they chemical changes

A

the material can return to its original property

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7
Q

what is internal energy and what forms of energy does this take

A

energy which is stored by particles within a system
kinetic energy
potential energy

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8
Q

what happens when you heat a system

A

increases the energy the particles have this increases the internal energy
this either raises the temperatures of the system or produces a change of state

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9
Q

what three factors determine the temperature change of a system

A
  • mass of the substance being heated
  • type of material
  • energy inputted into the system
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10
Q

what is specific heat capacity

A

the amount of energy needed to raise 1kg or a substance by 1 degree

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11
Q

define temperature

A

a measure of the average internal energy of all the particals

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12
Q

what happens when something gets heated

A

it gains more internal energy therefore raises the temperature

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13
Q

what is internal energy

A

all the energy stored by the particles

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14
Q

what is specific latent heat

A

the amount of energy needed to change 1kg of substance from one state to another without a change in temperature

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15
Q

what is the specific latent heat of vaporisation

A

energy change when a substance changes between liquid and gas

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16
Q

specific latent heat of fusion

A

energy change when a substance changes between solid and liquid

17
Q

what is the equation for specific latent heat

A

energy required/released = mass x latent heat

18
Q

what is the equation for pressure

A

force/area

19
Q

what does the total pressure rely on

A

how many collisions, how much energy each collision involves

20
Q

how does the temperature effect pressure

A

increasing the temperature increases the internal energy of the particles. this increases the collisions and increases the force of collisions meaning it increases the pressure

21
Q

how does concentration effect pressure

A

there are more partials to collide meaning the pressure is increased

22
Q

how does volume effect pressure

A

if the amount of volume is decreased then the pressure will increase
if the amount of volume is increased then the pressure will decrease

23
Q

what happens to in a flexible container

A

the temperature and concentration will change the volume and the pressure