particle model of matter Flashcards
what is the radius of an atom
1 x 10^-10
what is the radius of the nucleus to the radius of an atom
1/10000
who discovered the nucleus
ernest rutherford
what happens when an atom absorbs electromagnetic radiation
electrons move to a higher energy level further away from the nucleus.
what happens when atoms emit electromagnetic radiation
electrons can drop to a lower energy level, closer to the nucleus.
what is upthrust
if the density of the object is lower then the density of the fluid the force that keeps the object afloat
what are changes of state
physical changes
what is temp
a measure of the energy in the kinetic stores of its particles.
what happens when you increase the temp
increases the energy in the kinetic stores of the body’s particles, which means that the energy in the body’s internal store also increases.
what is potential energy
the potential energy stored in the bonds between particles.
what is internal energy
the sum (total) of the kinetic and chemical potential stores of the object’s particles.
WEQ = thermal capacity
mass x specific heat capactity
what is latent heat
the energy that is transferred to a substance without the substance’s temperature changing
where does the energy in latent heat go
to create or weaken bonds
what does specific mean
measured per kilogram
what is specific latent heat of vaporization
the amount of energy needed to convert a liquid into a gas (or a gas into a liquid) without changing the substance’s temperature.
hat happens to the energy supplied during a change of state at both the melting and boiling points?
kinetic energy remains constant while the potential energy increases
what affects the gas
temp
pressure
how does temp affect a gas
higher the temp the higher the kinetic energy of the particles
increases the speed
how does pressure affect a gas
forces the particles in a tighter space meaning they collide more
what does the pressure of a gas produce
a net force (the sum of all the forces) at right angles to the wall of a container
in a stretchy container what will happen
it will expand because the gas pushes it outwards
what does doing work on a gas do
increase its internal energy
what are changes of state
mass is conserved
