PARTICLE MODEL OF MATTER

Question 1

What are the particles in a dense material arranged like?

Answer 1

Particles are packed tightly together

Question 2

What are the particles in a less dense material arranged like?

Answer 2

Particles are more spread out

Question 3

What happens when you compress a material?

Answer 3

The particles move closer together (mass doesn’t change)

Question 4

What are the particles like in a solid?

Answer 4

Fixed regular arrangement
Strong forces of attraction
Particles only vibrate (not much energy)
High density

Question 5

What are the particles like in a liquid?

Answer 5

Weaker forces of attraction
Particles are close together but can move mast each other
Form irregular arrangements
Less dense and more energy than solids

Question 6

What are the particles like in a gas?

Answer 6

No forces of attraction
Lots of energy (free to move)
Low density

Question 7

How do you find the volume of an irregular object?

Answer 7

Submerge it in a eureka can filled with water
Water displaced goes into measuring cylinder

Question 8

Why do materials have energy in their kinetic energy store?

Answer 8

Particles in the material vibrate or move around

Question 9

What is the internal energy of a system?

Answer 9

The total energy stored by its particles in their kinetic and potential energy stores

Question 10

What happens when you heat a system?

Answer 10

Transfers energy to its particles so increases the internal energy

Question 11

When does a change in state occur?

Answer 11

When the substance is heated enough so the particles have enough energy in their kinetic energy stores to break the bonds holding them together

Question 12

What is it called when you go from a solid to a gas?

Answer 12

Sublimating

Question 13

What happens when a substance changes state due to cooling?

Answer 13

The particles lose energy and form bonds

Question 14

What is latent heat?

Answer 14

The energy needed to change the state of a substance

Question 15

What is specific latent heat?

Answer 15

The amount of energy needed to change 1kg of a substance from one state to another without changing its temperature

Question 16

What happens when you increase the temperature of a gas?

Answer 16

Increases energy in the kinetic energy stores
So increases average speed of particles

Question 17

What happens to the pressure of a gas when the temp is increased?

Answer 17

Faster particles so more frequent collisions so increases pressure

Question 18

What happens to a gas if the temperature is constant but the volume is increased?

Answer 18

The pressure decreases as particles are more spread out

Question 19

What is the pressure of a gas?

Answer 19

The total force exerted by all of the particles in the gas on a unit area of the container walls

Question 20

How do pressure and volume of a gas relate?

Answer 20

They are inversely proportional

Question 21

What happens to the volume of a gas when the pressure is increased?

Answer 21

Cause container to expand or compress due to change in force on outside or inside

Question 22

How does doing work on a gas increase temperature?

Answer 22

Increases its internal energy so energy transferred to kinetic energy store
Increases temp

Question 23

How are the temperature, pressure and volume of a gas connected?

Answer 23

Increasing temp increases pressure which can change volume