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PHYSICS > MIGHT COME UP IN EXAM??? > Flashcards

MIGHT COME UP IN EXAM??? Flashcards

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1
Q

What does the neutral wire do?

A

Completes the circuit
0V

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2
Q

What colour is the neutral wire?

A

Blue

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3
Q

What does the earth wire do?

A

Stops the appliance case from becoming live
0V

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4
Q

How does the earth wire make the plug safe?

A

Carries current to the ground
A large current flows in the earth wire which causes the fuse to melt so protects the user from an electric shock

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5
Q

What colour is the earth wire?

A

Green and yellow

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6
Q

What does the live wire do?

A

Provides the alternating potential difference
230V

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7
Q

What would happen if a human touched the live wire?

A

They would receive and electric shock

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8
Q

Why would you receive an electric shock if you touch a live wire?

A

Because it creates a large potential difference between you (earthed so 0V) and the live wire (230V)
So a current flows through you

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9
Q

What is the national grid?

A

Giant system of cables and transformers that connects power stations to consumers

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10
Q

Why do power stations run at below their maximum power output?

A

So there is spare capacity to cope with a high demand

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11
Q

Why do you lose energy if you have a high current?

A

Because the wires heat up causing energy to be lost to thermal energy stores

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12
Q

Why is it better to increase the potential difference in the national grid than the current?

A

Cheaper
More efficient as less energy is lost

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13
Q

What is the order of atomic structure in names?

A

Dalton
Thomson
Rutherford
Bohr
Chadwick

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14
Q

What is the order of discovery of the atom?

A

Ball model
Plum-pudding model
Nuclear model
Planetary model
Neutrons

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15
Q

What is the plum-pudding model?

A

Ball of positive charge with negative electrons stuck in it

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16
Q

What is the nuclear model?

A

Positive nucleus surrounded by negative electrons

17
Q

What is the planetary model?

A

Positive nucleus with electrons orbiting it in shells

18
Q

How does a moving charge transfer energy?

A

The charge does work against the resistance of the circuit

19
Q

What is an example of energy not being transferred usefully?

A

The higher the current the more energy transferred to thermal energy stores

20
Q

What is a power rating?

A

The maximum safe power that the appliance can operate at

21
Q

What does the power rating show?

A

The maximum amount of energy transferred between stores per second

22
Q

Why is it good if an appliances power rating is low?

A

The lower the power rating the less electricity an appliance uses so it is cheaper to run

23
Q

What does a higher power output not mean?

A

Doesn’t mean it transfers more energy
May be more powerful but less efficient so still transfers the same amount of useful energy as another appliance with a lower power output

24
Q

What is fission?

A

When a large atomic nuclei splits to form two smaller nuclei

25
Q

How does fission occur?

A

A neutron is absorbed into a nuclei which causes the nuclei to become unstable and split

26
Q

What is also produced during nuclear fission?

A

Two or three more neutrons which can collide with other nuclei to cause further fission reactions - chain reaction

27
Q

What is fusion?

A

When two small, light nuclei join together to make one heavy nucleus

28
Q

Why does mass decrease in nuclear fusion?

A

The missing mass is converted to energy, which radiates away

29
Q

What is gas pressure caused by?

A

Caused by the collisions between the particles and their container

30
Q

What happens in a filament lamp?

A

Current increases as potential difference does
So temperature of the wire increases
Therefore harder for current to flow through resistor
So resistance increases

31
Q

What does increasing the temperature increase the resistance?

A

Causes greater vibrations in the ions of the wire so harder for electrons to get past

32
Q

What happens when a current flows through a diode?

A

Can only flow in one direction
Because if potential difference flows the wrong way, the resistance is too high so no current will flow

PHYSICS (12 decks)

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