Particle Model Of Matter

Question 1

How is energy storage

Answer 1

Energy is stored inside a system by the particles (atoms and molecules) that make up the system. this is called internal energy

Question 2

What is internal energy

Answer 2

Internal energy is the energy stored in a system by particles

Internal energy is the total kinetic energy and potential energy of all the particles (atoms and molecules) that make up a system.

Question 3

What does heating change

Answer 3

Heating changes the energy stored within the system by increasing the energy of the particles that make up the system

this either raise the temperature of the system or produces a change of state

Question 4

If change of state happens energy is needed for a substance to change states
what is this called?

Answer 4

Latent heat

Question 5

When a change of state occurs what happens to the energy that is supplied

Answer 5

The energy supplied changes the energy stored (internal energy) but not the temperature

Question 6

What is the specific latent heat of a substance

Answer 6

It’s the amount of energy required to change the state of 1 kg of this substance with no change in temperature

Question 7

The molecules of a gas are in consistent random motion
What is the temperature of the gas related to

Answer 7

The temperature of gas is related to the average kinetic energy of the molecules

Question 8

Why do gases have a low density

Answer 8

The particles are very far apart so gases only have a small mass for their volume

Question 9

Polystyrene is a solid but it has a low density why

Answer 9

Polystyrene has a very open structure and is full of air spaces. It have a small mass for its volume

Question 10

The brick has a high density why

Answer 10

It has lots of mass packed into its volume

Question 11

Define density

Answer 11

The density of a material tells us the mass for a given volume

Question 12

Define the internal energy of a solid

Answer 12

Particles in a solid do not move from place to place but they vibrate

Question 13

Defined the internal energy of a liquid

Answer 13

Particles in a liquid can move around each other

Question 14

Define the internal energy of a gas

Answer 14

Particles in a gas move rapidly

Question 15

If something is moving/vibrating (Solid, liquid, gas) What type of energy do they have

Answer 15

All of these particles have kinetic energy

Particles also have potential energy (This is the intermolecular forces and chemical bonds)

Question 16

What is it called when turn a solid directly into a gas

Answer 16

Sublimation

Question 17

Define the specific latent heat of fusion

Answer 17

The energy required to change a solid to a liquid

Question 18

Define the specific latent heat of vaporisation 

Answer 18

The energy required to change a liquid to a vapor

Question 19

What is the temperature of a gas related to

Answer 19

The temperature of a gas is related to the average kinetic energy of the particles

Question 20

What is the pressure of a gas due to

Answer 20

The pressure of a gas is due to the particles colliding with the walls of the container that the gas is held in

Question 21

How can you increase pressure

Answer 21

if you increase the number of collisions per second

or

the energy of each collision

Question 22

At a low temperature what happens to the particles

Answer 22

At a low temperature the particles have lower kinetic energy there are fewer collisions per second these are lower energy collisions meaning low pressure

Question 23

At a high temperature what happens to the particles

Answer 23

At a high temperature particles have higher kinetic energy there are more collisions per second these are higher energy collisions meaning high pressure