Particle Model Of Matter Flashcards
formula for density
mass/volume
what is density measured in
kg/m^3
describe a solid
strong forces of attraction between particles
fixed regular arrangement
particles don’t have much energy
so vibrate about fixed positions
describe a liquid
medium forces of attraction
particles are close together but can move past each other
move in random directions at a low speed
irregular arrangement
describe a gas
almost no force of attraction
lots of energy
move in random directions at high speed
what is internal energy
total energy that particles have in their kinetic and potential energy stores
what do particles have to do to change state
break the bonds holding them together
what is it called when a solid turns to a gas
sublimating
what happens to the internal energy of an object when it is condensing or freezing
internal energy decreases ( temperature doesn’t go down)
what is specific latent heat
amount of energy needed to change the state of 1kg of an object without changing the temperature
what is the specific latent heat of fusion and vaporisation
vaporisation - between gas and liquid
fusion - between solid and liquid
what is the equation used for slh
energy needed for a change in state = mass x SLH (j/kg)
the temperature of a gas is related to the average energy in the kinetic store. what equation can you use to work out the kinetic store of a gas particle
0.5 x mass x v^2
what is pressure
force per unit area
in a sealed container, the outward gas pressure is what
the total force exerted by the particles on a unit area of the container wall
