Particle model Flashcards
describe the particles in a solid
-vibrate
-fixed position
-packed tightly together
-the most dense
describe the particles in a liquid
-closely packed
-irregular arrangement
-able to move
describe the particles in a gas
-widely spread
- irregular arrangement
- random movement
- range of speed
- least dense
what is density
the mass per unit volume of an object
what is a physical change
doesn’t produce any new substances
What is a chemical change
Produces new substances
What is internal energy
The total kinetic and potential energy of all particles which make up a system
What is potential energy
The energy of an object due to its position when the particles move further apart the bonds have to be broken and this energy goes into the potential store
What is temperature
A measure of the kinetic energy of particles
What is specific heat capacity
amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 kg of a substance by one degrees Celsius
What is specific latent heat
The energy needed for a substance to change the state of 1 kg of the substance with no change in temperature
What is specific latent heat of fusion
Energy needed to change 1 kg of a substance between solid and liquid
What is specific latent heat of vaporisation
Energy needed to change 1 kg of matter between liquid and gas
What is the equation for density
mass / volume
How would you measure the density of an irregular shaped solid
fill a displacement can with water, place object in, measure water displaced
How to measure the density of a regular shaped solid
Measure the mass, measure the length, width and height, multiply together, divide mass by volume
how is the motion in a gas related to both it’s temperature and pressure?
the molecules/particles are under greater pressure then the temperature will rise and the motion will increase
what is mass number?
the total number of protons and neutrons
what is atomic number?
the number of protons
what is an isotope?
members of a family of an element that all have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons
what is an ion
an atom or group of atoms that has an electric charge
