particle interactions Flashcards

1
Q

What type of interaction can only hadrons undergo

A

-the strong interaction

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2
Q

what type of interaction are strange particles such as kaons produced through

A

-the weak interaction

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3
Q

what do advancements in particle physics rely on?

A

collaborative efforts of large teams of scientists and engineers to validate new knowledge through peer review or use of particle accelerators

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4
Q

why is there a minimum energy in pair production?

A

as the energy of the photon needs to provide the rest masses of particles

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5
Q

state the products of the decay of an anti down quark

A

anti up–quark plus positron plus electron neutrino

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6
Q

state two properties of strange particles

A

usually produced in pairs
contains at least one strange quark
usually decays via the weak interaction

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7
Q

What is an antiparticle

A

Antiparticle for every particle type
They have equal rest mass
Equal and opposite charge if charged

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8
Q

what are the three decays for a kaon

A

pions
muon and antineutrino
antimuon and neutrino

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9
Q

what are the two decays for a charged pion

A

muon and antineutrino

anitmuon and neutrino

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10
Q

what is the decay for a neutral pion

A

high energy photons

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11
Q

what is the decay for a muon

A

electron and antineutrino

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12
Q

what is the decay for an antimuon

A

positron and neutrino

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13
Q

what is conserved in particle interactions

A
momentum
energy
lepton and baryon numbers 
charge 
strangeness
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14
Q

what is a photon

A

a packet of electromagnetic waves

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15
Q

what is an isotope

A

a particle with the same proton number but a different number of neutrons

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16
Q

what is the strong nuclear force

A

the force that holds the nucleons in a nucleus together

it overcomes the electrostatic force of repulsion between protons

17
Q

what are the key points about the strong nuclear force

A

range no more than 3-4 fm
attractive force at 3-4 fm down to 0.5 fm seperations smaller than that it is repulsive
same effect on two protons than on two neutrons and a proton and a neutron

18
Q

what is annhilation

A

the process that occurs when a particle and anti particle meet and interact
two photons are produced in this process

19
Q

what is pair production

A

the process of when a photon creates a particle and it’s corresponding anti particle

20
Q

what is a hadron

A

particles and antiparticles that can interact through the strong interaction

21
Q

what is a lepton

A

particles and antiparticles that can’t interact through the strong interaction

22
Q

through what type of interaction to hadrons decay through

A

hadrons except for the proton decay via the weak interaction

23
Q

what are the two sub groups of hadrons

A

Baryons and mesons

24
Q

what are baryons

A

protons and all other hadrons that decay into protons either directly or indirectly

25
what are mesons
hadrons that do not include protons in their decay products
26
why were neutrinos hypothesised
to account for the energy that was not conserved in beta minus decay as energy levels before and after the decay did not show energy was conserved
27
what is the purpose of exchange particles
to carry energy and momentum between the particles experiencing the force