Participants (sampling) Flashcards

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1
Q

Definition:

Target Populations

A

The group of individuals that a researcher is interested in studying e.g. people in the UK.

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2
Q

Definition:

Sampling frame

A

A group/population that is identified when it is unrealistic to study the whole target population e.g. people in London.

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3
Q

Definition:

Random sampling

A

Participants are selected from the sampling frame and everyone has an equal chance of being selected. E.g. Names are pulled out of a hat, or a computer is used to randomly select participants.

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4
Q

Definition:

Opportunity sampling

A

Participants are selected at the researcher’s convenience without knowing any details about the sample in advance e.g. picking people who were there at the time, in your specific location.

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5
Q

Definition:

Systematic sampling

A

Every nth person on a list is selected by the researcher e.g. every 3rd house on a street, or 5th person on a register.

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6
Q

Definition:

Stratified sampling

A

The target group is divided into subgroups, e.g. by sex, and then the participants are selected randomly from each subgroup.

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7
Q

Definition:

Quota sampling

A

The target population is divided into subgroups, e.g. by sex, and the participants are chosen from each subgroup at the convenience of the researcher.

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8
Q

Definition:

Self-selected sampling

A

Participants volunteer (select themselves) for research e.g. they come forward/respond to the psychologist after reading an advertisement in a newspaper or on a notice board.

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9
Q

Definition:

Snowball sampling

A

Participants are initially recruited by the psychologist and then those participants recruit further participants from people they know, therefore the sample group appears to ‘snowball’.

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10
Q

Definition:

Observational Sampling Techniques

A

Sampling technique used to collect data about specific behaviours or events within specific time frames.

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11
Q

Definition:

Event sampling

A

Records specific behaviour (event) each time it occurs to create a total score.

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12
Q

Definition:

Time sampling

A

Records behaviour (such as a score) at specific time intervals, e.g. every 15 minutes, and then creates an average score for each participant being observed.

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