particals (only things i get wrong when doing questions / not confident on)

Question 1

proton, neutron and electron mass and charges

Answer 1

mass:
- 1.67(3)x10^-27
- 1.67(5) x10^-27
- 9.11x10^-31
charge:
- 1.6x10^-19
- 0
- 1.6x10^-19

Question 2

what radioactive isotpe do we use to aproximate age

Answer 2

carbon - 14

Question 3

specific charge equation and unit

Answer 3

specific charge = charge / mass
CKg^-1

Question 4

name all forces in the nuclues and why 1 is not normaly relevent

Answer 4

strong, weak, electrostatic and gravitaional

gravitational force is negligibal in the nuclues

Question 5

why is a nuclues’ constituients held together

Answer 5

because the strong force between the subatomic particals in the nulues (attractive) overcomes the electrostatic force bewteen the protons (repulsive) in the nulclues

Question 6

1. what is the raduis of a nuclie
2. what is the raduis of an atom

Answer 6

1. 1x10^-15. 1fm
2. 1x10^10. 0.1nm

Question 7

describe the stong force (the diagram of the range of the strong force)

Answer 7

the strong force is repulsive between 0 and 0.5fm, is attractive between 0.5 and 3fm and is negligible after 3 fm

Question 8

does the storng force effect protons and neutrons diffrently?`

Answer 8

no

Question 9

alpha emmissions happens in _____ _____ _______

Answer 9

very big nulcie

Question 9

beta emissions happens in ________ ____ _______

Answer 9

nutron rich nuclei

Question 10

1. how was neutrinos dicovered

Answer 10

1. beta particles emmitted in beta decay had a range of Ek when observed after the same interaction, where there is a fixed amount of enegy relesed in the decay of _____ . therefore there must have been a 3rd particle (neutrino) carrying the missing energy to keep energy and momentum conserved in the interaction.

Question 11

do nutrinos have charge?

Answer 11

no

Question 12

strong force only effects _______ only

Answer 12

hadrons

Question 13

what is the only stable baryon

Answer 13

proton

Question 14

what is the only force that can change quarks

Answer 14

weak force

Question 15

mesons interact with baryons via the ______ ______

Answer 15

strong force

Question 16

kaons decay into…

Answer 16

Pions

Question 17

draw summary of particles classification diagram thing

Answer 17

pg 11 of revision book

Question 18

leptons dont feel the ______ _____

Answer 18

strong force

Question 19

leptons interact with other particles via the _____ ______

Answer 19

weak force (along with a bit of gravitational and electromagnetic if charged)

Question 20

mouns decay into ______

Answer 20

electrons

Question 21

nutirionos only take part in the _____ _____

Answer 21

weak force

(And gravity but gravity negligible in particular physics)

Question 22

do baryons have strangness quarks

Answer 22

no

Question 23

when is strangness conserved and when is it not

Answer 23

strangness is conserved in strong interactions but not in weak interactions (it can change by (0,-1,+1)

Question 24

what is the charge of a strange quark and strangness number

Answer 24

-1/3 and -1

Question 25

mesons contain what 2 quarks

Answer 25

quark and antiquark

Question 26

draw a matrix diagram of kaon and mesons and there values

Answer 26

pg 14 of revision book

Question 27

is it possible to get a quark on its own

Answer 27

no - this is quark confinment

Question 28

what is a exchange partical called

Answer 28

gauge boson

Question 29

give gauge boson for: 1. electromagnetic 2. weak 3. strong

Answer 29

1. γ (virtual photon) 2. W+ and W- 3. pions (π+ πo π-)

Question 30

weak force effects ____ ______ ___ _______

Answer 30

all types of particals

Question 31

in exchange diagrams W bosson carrys _____

Answer 31

charge (therefore the direction of the W+ or W- boson is the direction that the respective charge is being transferd to)

Question 32

give electron capture equation Give beta minus decay Give beta plus decay

Answer 32

P + e- = n + Ve n = p + e- + (anti)ve p = n + e+ + ve

Question 33

what is produced in annialation

Answer 33

2 gama photons

Question 34

kaons are produced through the _____ _____ and decay through the ______ ______ This means they are produced in ______

Answer 34

strong force, weak force Pairs

Question 35

are k(O) and anti k(O) the same partical

Answer 35

no they have diffrent strangness and diffrent quarks

Question 36

line emission spectra contains ______ ______ __ ____ while continues spectra contains ___ ______ ________

Answer 36

specific wavelenths of light all possible wavelenths

Question 37

line absorbtion spectra occure when ____ _____ is incedent on _____ _______ gass the gass has to be low tempreture because most of its _____ are at _____ _____ electrons can only absord photons with enegie levels equal to the _______ _______ ___ _____ ______ line absorbtion specra have all but ______ ______ which are the ______ that were ______ __ ___ ______

Answer 37

white light, low tempreture electrons, ground state diffrence between two enegie levels specific wavlenths, wavelenths, absorbed by the electrons

Question 38

what is ionisation

Answer 38

the removal or adition of electrons form or to a atom

Question 39

does an up quark have a baryon nomber of 1

Answer 39

no baryon nombers are descrete (can only have integers) thereofre 2/3 baryon nomber dont exist no