particals (only things i get wrong when doing questions / not confident on) Flashcards
proton, neutron and electron mass and charges
mass:
- 1.67(3)x10^-27
- 1.67(5) x10^-27
- 9.11x10^-31
charge:
- 1.6x10^-19
- 0
- 1.6x10^-19
what radioactive isotpe do we use to aproximate age
carbon - 14
specific charge equation and unit
specific charge = charge / mass
CKg^-1
name all forces in the nuclues and why 1 is not normaly relevent
strong, weak, electrostatic and gravitaional
gravitational force is negligibal in the nuclues
why is a nuclues’ constituients held together
because the strong force between the subatomic particals in the nulues (attractive) overcomes the electrostatic force bewteen the protons (repulsive) in the nulclues
- what is the raduis of a nuclie
- what is the raduis of an atom
- 1x10^-15. 1fm
- 1x10^10. 0.1nm
describe the stong force (the diagram of the range of the strong force)
the strong force is repulsive between 0 and 0.5fm, is attractive between 0.5 and 3fm and is negligible after 3 fm
does the storng force effect protons and neutrons diffrently?`
no
alpha emmissions happens in _____ _____ _______
very big nulcie
beta emissions happens in ________ ____ _______
nutron rich nuclei
- how was neutrinos dicovered
- beta particles emmitted in beta decay had a range of Ek when observed after the same interaction, where there is a fixed amount of enegy relesed in the decay of _____ . therefore there must have been a 3rd particle (neutrino) carrying the missing energy to keep energy and momentum conserved in the interaction.
do nutrinos have charge?
no
strong force only effects _______ only
hadrons
what is the only stable baryon
proton
what is the only force that can change quarks
weak force
mesons interact with baryons via the ______ ______
strong force
kaons decay into…
Pions
draw summary of particles classification diagram thing
pg 11 of revision book
leptons dont feel the ______ _____
strong force
leptons interact with other particles via the _____ ______
weak force (along with a bit of gravitational and electromagnetic if charged)
mouns decay into ______
electrons
nutirionos only take part in the _____ _____
weak force
(And gravity but gravity negligible in particular physics)
do baryons have strangness quarks
no
when is strangness conserved and when is it not
strangness is conserved in strong interactions but not in weak interactions (it can change by (0,-1,+1)
what is the charge of a strange quark and strangness number
-1/3 and -1
mesons contain what 2 quarks
quark and antiquark
draw a matrix diagram of kaon and mesons and there values
pg 14 of revision book
is it possible to get a quark on its own
no - this is quark confinment
what is a exchange partical called
gauge boson
give gauge boson for:
1. electromagnetic
2. weak
3. strong
- γ (virtual photon)
- W+ and W-
- pions (π+ πo π-)
weak force effects ____ ______ ___ _______
all types of particals
in exchange diagrams W bosson carrys _____
charge
(therefore the direction of the W+ or W- boson is the direction that the respective charge is being transferd to)
give electron capture equation
Give beta minus decay
Give beta plus decay
P + e- = n + Ve
n = p + e- + (anti)ve
p = n + e+ + ve
what is produced in annialation
2 gama photons
kaons are produced through the _____ _____ and decay through the ______ ______
This means they are produced in ______
strong force, weak force
Pairs
are k(O) and anti k(O) the same partical
no they have diffrent strangness and diffrent quarks
line emission spectra contains ______ ______ __ ____
while continues spectra contains ___ ______ ________
specific wavelenths of light
all possible wavelenths
line absorbtion spectra occure when ____ _____ is incedent on _____ _______ gass
the gass has to be low tempreture because most of its _____ are at _____ _____
electrons can only absord photons with enegie levels equal to the _______ _______ ___ _____ ______
line absorbtion specra have all but ______ ______ which are the ______ that were ______ __ ___ ______
white light, low tempreture
electrons, ground state
diffrence between two enegie levels
specific wavlenths, wavelenths, absorbed by the electrons
what is ionisation
the removal or adition of electrons form or to a atom
does an up quark have a baryon nomber of 1
no baryon nombers are descrete (can only have integers) thereofre 2/3 baryon nomber dont exist
no
