Part One Flashcards
What is a catabolic reaction?
Breakdown of larger molecules into smaller molecules that realses energy
What is an Anabolic reaction?
Reactions that require energy and is the Biosynthesis of small molecules into large ones
What is competitive inhibition?
Enzymes that have a similar shape to the substrate fit into the active site and remain unreactive, causing the reaction rate to decrease which can be reversed by increasing substrate concentration.
What is non-competitve inhibition?
They do not bind to the active site but instead bind to an allosteric site, once it binds it changes the shape of the enzymes active site. This effect is permanent and regulates the rate of a reaction
What is feedback inhibition?
The activity of enzymes are regulated by a self regulating mechanism where the product itself acts as an inhibitor
What is phosphorylation?
The addition of a phosphate group that becomes more reactive through an enzyme controlled reaction.
What is ATPS role in phosphorylation?
Carries out reactions and adds phosphates
Where does glycolysis take place?
Cytoplasm
Where does the citric acid cycle take place?
Matrix of the mitochondria
Where does fermentation take place?
Cytoplasm
Where does the Electron transport chain take place?
Inner membrane of the mitochondria
What is the orientation of reactants
1) active site holds reactants together in an induced fit
2) chemical bonds become weak which lowers activation energy needed to reach a transition state
3) after the reaction the products have a low affinity for the active site and are released
4) enzyme can now bind to other substrates and repeat the process
What happens when fermentation happens in animal cells?
Glucose breaks down into pryuvate and then lactic acid, this process is reversible
What happens when fermentation takes place in plant cells?
Glucose breaks down into pryruvate which breaks down into alcohol and ethanol , this process cannot be reversed
