PART I Flashcards
[..] as applied to medical radiography is organized effort of the staff to ensure that the diagnostic images produced are of high quality.
It’s purpose i to provide adequate diagnostic information with the [..] and [..]
Quality assurance
Least possible cost and least possible exposure to patient and staff
Requirements of a QA/QC Program
Requires combined efforts of the whole radiology staff
A hospital QA/QC committee and a QA/QC team must be created to institutionalize the program
Hospital QA/QC Team
- Hospital Chief radiologist
- Chief x-ray/Radiologic Tech
- Hospital physicist
- Other Radiologists and radiologists resident physician
- Other x-ray/ rad techs
Hospital QA/QC Committee
- Chief of hospital
- Administrative Officers
- Chief Radiologist
- Chief x-ray/rad tech
- Chief physicist
- Hospital maintainance engr/technician
- Others
Responsibilities of hospital QA/QC Team (DEEDKK)
- Do periodic film analysis and monthly film analysis to the qaqc committee
- Establish additional rad technique charts when approp
- Establish additional darkroom processing charts or reuse existing ones when needed
- Do periodic q test of x-ray equip and accessories
- Keep a room logbook which contains all the changes/repair done to all/equip/accessories in the oom, sample images, procedures for qc tests etc.
- Keep brochures and technical materials pertaining to equip and accessories
Responsibilities of QAQC Committee [MDK]
- Meet regularly to discuss from film analysis report, QC test results, other reports and problems of the x-ray dep’t/section
- Decided on corrective action report to be implemented and on other matters related to the program
- Keep a record of minutes of meetings
A program of Quality Assurance monitors proper patient [..3]
Scheduling, reception and preparation
[..] more tangible and obvious bc in this program, the radiologist is provided with optimal images produced through good equip performance and resulting in minimal radiation exposure
Quality Control
Purpose of a Quality Control Testing Program
To maintain the quality of diagnostic images
This is done with routine monitoring and photographic and x-ray equip performance and rate proper corrective action
Quality Management Program [components] EARR
Equipment quality control
Administrative responsibilities
Risk management
Radiation Safety Program
Refers to the administration of policies and processes that minimize harm while optimizing, patient care and outcomes
Quality management program
Quality management program components
Equipment quality control,
administrative responsibilities,
risk management,
radiation safety protection
Involves evaluation of equipment performance to ensure proper image quality, as well as patient and operate safety
Equipment Quality Control
It involves the establishment of various processes to accomplish the specific departmental risk
Administrative responsibilities
Administrative responsibilities include (pdseec)
Procedure manuals,
data collection,
scheduling and routing of patient
education of personal
equipment acquisition,
communication with other departments
It is this the ability to identify potential risk to patients, employees and visitors at the healthcare institution
Risk management
It is to ensure patient exposure is kept as low as reasonably achievable.
Medical staff, department personnel, and member of the general public are protected from over exposure to ionizing radiation
Radiation safety program
Quality control levels of testing
Level 1 non-invasive and simple
Level 2 non-invasive and complex
Level 3 invasive and complex.
Level of testing that is performed by technologist
Level 1 non-invasive and simple
Level of testing performed by technologies trained in quality control procedures, using more sophisticated equipment
Level 2 non-invasive and complex
Level of testing that involves some disassembly of the equipment, normally performed by engineers or physicist
Level 3 invasive and complex
Focuses on the process in which employees operate rather than on the employees themselves. The rationale or is that problems and variability with the process are the main cause of poor quality
Continuous quality improvement
Continuous quality improvement concept is based on:
85/5 rule
80/20 rule
Structured problem
improving quality
The process our system in place is the cost of problems 85% of the time and the people are personnel within the process or the cause of the problems 15% of the time
85/5 rule
80% of the problems are the result of 20% of the causes
80/20 rule
Solving processes that your statistical means to verify performances, reduce better long-term solutions than processes that are not structured
Structured problems
Improving quality is the responsibility of everyone within an organization, because all are a part of the process. People at all levels are the essence of an organization and their involvement enables their abilities to be used for the organizations benefit.
An ordered series of steps that help achieve a desired outcome group in a sequence
Process
Is a group of related processes
System
Parts of a process
Supplier, input, action, output, and customer
The first three steps, variable factors that influence the next portion of the process
Output
An individual or entity that furnishes input to a process or one provides the institution with the goods or services
Supplier
Information or knowledge necessary to achieve the desired outcome
Input
Is that means our activity used to achieve the desired outcome
Action
The action steps are sometimes referred to as [..]
workflow
Refers to the desired outcome, result, Braddock are characteristics that satisfy the customer
Output
Refers to a person, department or organization that needs or wants the desired outcome
Customer
According to [..] The customer determines the What constitutes quality
Deming
Groups of customers
Internal customers, external customers
Individuals or groups from within the organization, such as the referring physicians, hospital employees, department, and department employees
Internal customers
These are individuals or groups from outside the organization, such as patients, and their families, third-party payers and the community
External customers
[..] Should be used us performance measures to evaluate thesuccess of a process in the Healthcare environment.
Both customer satisfaction and health outcomes
The components of any process so that may affect the final output of the process
Key process variables
Five major categories of key process variables
Manpower, machines, materials, environment, policies
Refers to the personnel involved in the process
Manpower
Refers to the equipment used in the process
Machine
Refers to the type and quality of materials used in the process
Materials
Refers to the physical and psychological aspects on people involved in the process
Environment
Refers to the steps in the procedure of policy manual that have been used in the process
Policies
The most successful in helping with the problem identification in continuous quality improvement
Groups or teams of individuals who are familiar with or are using the processes
Group process used to develop a large collection of ideas without regard to their intent or validity
Brainstorming
Method that can follow a successful brainstorming session. After the initial ideas are formulated during the brainstorming session, the group members, three discussion and teamwork come to an agreement, and the most important idea to be addressed.
Consensus
Small group that focuses on a particular problem, and then hopefully derives a solution. Generally, the applicable ideas on a particular problem obtained from brainstorming are considered in the small group, which can come up to a consensus.
May be responsible for obtaining additional data, such as interviewing of customers and patient surveys
Focus groups
Group of individuals to implement the solutions that we are achieved by the focus group. May or may not include members of the focus group.
Quality improvement team
Normally composed of supervisors and workers who are from the same department, or me have the same function in a similar Department
Should be scheduled to meet regularly and have the specific function to identify potential problems with departmental processes, and then formulate solutions
Quality circles
A method normally used after brainstorming session to dismiss nonessential or non-realistic ideas, and concentratie on those that are realistically solve the problem
Multivoting
These teams focus on solving a complete problem, or completing an entire task, rather than focusing on any one particular step in the process
Work teams
These teams work on specific tasks and to solve particular problems, as well as root causes of faults of problems within the process. They normally function to identify, analyze and solve both quality and productivity issues.
Problem-solving teams
