Part 7: The Lungs And Breathing II Flashcards
What is the main function of alveoli in the lungs?
To facilitate gas exchange between the lungs and the bloodstream
True or False: Alveoli are surrounded by a network of blood vessels for efficient gas exchange.
True
Fill in the blank: Alveoli are tiny __________ sacs located at the end of bronchioles in the lungs.
air
What is the primary gas exchanged in the alveoli during respiration?
Oxygen
What is the term for the process of oxygen entering the bloodstream from the alveoli?
Oxygenation
What is the term for the process of carbon dioxide leaving the bloodstream and entering the alveoli?
Deoxygenation
What is the name of the thin layer of fluid lining the alveoli that helps with gas exchange?
Surfactant
How does the structure of alveoli aid in gas exchange?
By providing a large surface area and thin walls for efficient diffusion of gases
What is the term for the movement of gases between the alveoli and the blood vessels?
Diffusion
What is the function of capillaries surrounding the alveoli in gas exchange?
To transport gases to and from the bloodstream
True or False: Alveoli have a rich blood supply to ensure rapid gas exchange.
True
What is the role of the respiratory membrane in gas exchange at the alveoli?
To allow for the exchange of gases between the alveoli and the blood
How does the presence of elastic fibers in alveoli aid in lung function?
By allowing alveoli to expand and contract during breathing
What is the term for the process of air moving in and out of the lungs during breathing?
Ventilation
What is the term for the volume of air inhaled and exhaled with each breath?
Tidal volume
What gas passes out the blood during respiration?
Carbon dioxide
State the adaptions of alveoli in order to facilitate gas exchange (4)
- Good blood supply maintains concentration for diffusion by removing oxygen and bringing lots of carbon dioxide
- Ventilation moves air in and out and helps maintain a steep diffusion gradient
- Very thin alveoli way gives short distance to make diffusion east
- The spherical shape of the alveoli gives relatively large surface area for diffusion
Name the function of the nose
Opens that air from outside can enter and leave the body from
Name the function of the trachea
Tube that takes air from the nose/mouth towards the lungs
Name the function of the heart
Pumps blood around the body
Name the functions of the ribs
Protect the heart and lungs- also involved in ventilation
Name the function of the diaphragm
Muscle involved in ventilation (breathing)
Name the function of the intercostal muscles
Muscles between the ribs that are involved in ventilation (breathing)
Explain how you could chemically test for the presence of carbon dioxide in exhaled air
Add limewater to a test tube, blow into the test tube with a straw, and if the limewater goes cloudy, carbon dioxide is present.
Suggest (with reasons) whether or exhaling is more effort
Inhaling is more effort because it requires energy to contract your muscles
