Part 7: The Lungs And Breathing II

Question 1

What is the main function of alveoli in the lungs?

Answer 1

To facilitate gas exchange between the lungs and the bloodstream

Question 2

True or False: Alveoli are surrounded by a network of blood vessels for efficient gas exchange.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Fill in the blank: Alveoli are tiny __________ sacs located at the end of bronchioles in the lungs.

Answer 3

air

Question 4

What is the primary gas exchanged in the alveoli during respiration?

Answer 4

Oxygen

Question 5

What is the term for the process of oxygen entering the bloodstream from the alveoli?

Answer 5

Oxygenation

Question 6

What is the term for the process of carbon dioxide leaving the bloodstream and entering the alveoli?

Answer 6

Deoxygenation

Question 7

What is the name of the thin layer of fluid lining the alveoli that helps with gas exchange?

Answer 7

Surfactant

Question 8

How does the structure of alveoli aid in gas exchange?

Answer 8

By providing a large surface area and thin walls for efficient diffusion of gases

Question 9

What is the term for the movement of gases between the alveoli and the blood vessels?

Answer 9

Diffusion

Question 10

What is the function of capillaries surrounding the alveoli in gas exchange?

Answer 10

To transport gases to and from the bloodstream

Question 11

True or False: Alveoli have a rich blood supply to ensure rapid gas exchange.

Answer 11

True

Question 12

What is the role of the respiratory membrane in gas exchange at the alveoli?

Answer 12

To allow for the exchange of gases between the alveoli and the blood

Question 13

How does the presence of elastic fibers in alveoli aid in lung function?

Answer 13

By allowing alveoli to expand and contract during breathing

Question 14

What is the term for the process of air moving in and out of the lungs during breathing?

Answer 14

Ventilation

Question 15

What is the term for the volume of air inhaled and exhaled with each breath?

Answer 15

Tidal volume

Question 16

What gas passes out the blood during respiration?

Answer 16

Carbon dioxide

Question 17

State the adaptions of alveoli in order to facilitate gas exchange (4)

Answer 17

1. Good blood supply maintains concentration for diffusion by removing oxygen and bringing lots of carbon dioxide
2. Ventilation moves air in and out and helps maintain a steep diffusion gradient
3. Very thin alveoli way gives short distance to make diffusion east
4. The spherical shape of the alveoli gives relatively large surface area for diffusion

Question 18

Name the function of the nose

Answer 18

Opens that air from outside can enter and leave the body from

Question 19

Name the function of the trachea

Answer 19

Tube that takes air from the nose/mouth towards the lungs

Question 20

Name the function of the heart

Answer 20

Pumps blood around the body

Question 21

Name the functions of the ribs

Answer 21

Protect the heart and lungs- also involved in ventilation

Question 22

Name the function of the diaphragm

Answer 22

Muscle involved in ventilation (breathing)

Question 23

Name the function of the intercostal muscles

Answer 23

Muscles between the ribs that are involved in ventilation (breathing)

Question 24

Explain how you could chemically test for the presence of carbon dioxide in exhaled air

Answer 24

Add limewater to a test tube, blow into the test tube with a straw, and if the limewater goes cloudy, carbon dioxide is present.

Question 25

Suggest (with reasons) whether or exhaling is more effort

Answer 25

Inhaling is more effort because it requires energy to contract your muscles