part 7 Flashcards
1
Q
What are DOAC’s?
A
- direct oral anticoagulants
- treats or prevents blood clots
- DVT, Afib, PE
- blocks a single blood clotting factor
- filtered by liver and kidneys
- do not need blood monitoring
- not affected by food
- SE: bleeding
2
Q
What are the names of some DOAC’s?
A
pradaxa (dabigatran)
Rivaroxaban (Xarelto)
Apixaban (Eliquis)
Edoxaban (Savaysa)
3
Q
What do we need to teach pt’s about anticoagulant therapy?
A
- signs of bleeding (decreased BP and increased HR)
- safe self injection
- keep follow ups for labs (PT/INR)
4
Q
fat globules distributed into tissues and organs
A
fat embolism (FES)
5
Q
Where is a fat embolism (FES) most common?
A
long bones
ribs
tibia
pelvis
6
Q
What are the S/S of fat embolism?
A
- symptoms usually manifest within 24-48 hours
- respiratory: tachypnea, cyanosis, dyspnea, apprehension, tachycardia,
- neurologic: changes in mental status from hypoxemia
- petechiae: neck, anterior chest wall, buccal membrane
- impending doom
7
Q
How do we prevent a fat embolism (FES)?
A
- best treatment is prevention
- careful immobilization and handling of a long bone fracture probably the most important factor in prevention
8
Q
How do we treat a fat embolism (FES)?
A
- management is supportive
- IV fluids
- TCDB and O2
- correction of acidosis
- blood transfusion
- corticosteroids (controversia)
- most pt’s survive
9
Q
This type of fracture has a high mortality rate?
A
pelvic fracture
- minor to life threatening
- serious intra-abdominal injury
10
Q
What is are the S/S of a pelvic fracture?
A
deformity swelling tenderness unusual pelvic movements ecchymosis
11
Q
What type of assessment should you do for a pelvic fracture?
A
neurovascular status
