PART 5 VERTEBRATE DIVERSITY

Question 1

What does it mean for fish to be oviparous?

Answer 1

Oviparous fish lay their eggs outside the body.

Question 2

How do fish regulate their body temperature?

Answer 2

Fish are ectotherms, meaning their body temperature changes with the external environment.

Question 3

What are the first types of endoskeletons found in fish?

Answer 3

Fish have the first cartilage or bone endoskeletons

Question 4

What is significant about fish in the context of vertebrates

Answer 4

Fish are the first vertebrates with a spine.

Question 5

What are the two types of fish based on the presence of jaws?

Answer 5

Some fish are jawless, while others have jaws.

Question 6

What type of body coverings do fish have?

Answer 6

Fish can have thick skin or scales.

Question 7

Why are amphibians considered the first land-living vertebrates?

Answer 7

Amphibians are the first vertebrates to have feet or legs

Question 8

Where must amphibians lay their eggs and why

Answer 8

Amphibians lay thin eggs that must be laid in water to prevent drying out.

Question 9

How do amphibians regulate their body temperature?

Answer 9

Amphibians are ectotherms, so their body temperature changes with the environment.

Question 10

Describe the metamorphosis process in amphibians.

Answer 10

Amphibians undergo metamorphosis where larvae live in water with gills and adults live on land with lungs.

Question 11

What type of skin do amphibians have, and what is a significant risk to it?

Answer 11

Amphibians have moist skin that can dry out easily.

Question 12

How do reptiles’ eggs differ from amphibians’ eggs?

Answer 12

Reptiles lay leathery eggs that resist dehydration Reptiles were the first to lay vertebrate eggs on land

Question 13

What is an amniotic egg and its significance in reptiles?

Answer 13

An amniotic egg contains a nutrient “pond,” which supports the embryo and is significant because it allows reptiles to lay eggs on land.

Question 14

Why can reptiles live their entire lifespan on land?

Answer 14

Reptiles can live their entire lifespan on land due to their ability to resist dehydration.

Question 15

How do reptiles regulate their body temperature?

Answer 15

Reptiles are ectotherms.

Question 16

What type of skin covering do reptiles have?

Answer 16

Reptiles have scales that resist dehydration

Question 17

What is the significance of the Archaeopteryx fossil?

Answer 17

The Archaeopteryx is the first fossil that helped prove that birds evolved from reptiles.

Question 18

What unique feature do birds have for flight?

Answer 18

Birds have wings with feathers, which are unique for flight

Question 19

What type of eggs do birds lay?

Answer 19

Birds lay brittle and waterproof amniotic eggs.

Question 20

What adaptations help birds to fly?

Answer 20

Birds have hollow bones and air sacs for flight.

Question 21

How does bird skin help them survive in their environment?

Answer 21

Bird skin is dry and resists dehydration.

Question 22

How do birds regulate their body temperature?

Answer 22

Birds are endotherms, meaning their internal body processes control their body heat.

Question 23

What is unique about mammalian glands?

Answer 23

: Mammals have mammary glands that produce milk.

Question 24

What type of body covering do mammals have?

Answer 24

Mammals have skin with fur or hair.

Question 25

How do mammals regulate their body temperature?

Answer 25

Mammals are endotherms.

Question 26

What is unique about mammalian reproduction?

Answer 26

Mammals are viviparous, meaning their babies are born alive and nourished by the mother.

Question 27

What is significant about mammalian skin?

Answer 27

Mammalian skin is dry and resists dehydration.

Question 28

Describe the three types of mammals based on their reproductive strategies.

Answer 28

Monotremes Marsupials Placentals

Question 29

What types of symbiosis do vertebrates engage in?

Answer 29

Vertebrates engage in all types of symbiosis, including mutualism, commensalism, and parasitism.

Question 30

What role do vertebrates play in food webs?

Answer 30

Vertebrates are often apex consumers in food webs.

Question 31

How can vertebrates cause habitat damage?

Answer 31

Vertebrates can cause habitat damage through overuse, trampling, and digging.

Question 32

What are some human impacts on the biosphere related to vertebrates?

Answer 32

Human impacts on the biosphere related to vertebrates include habitat destruction, pollution, and overexploitation of species.