PART 5 VERTEBRATE DIVERSITY Flashcards
What does it mean for fish to be oviparous?
Oviparous fish lay their eggs outside the body.
How do fish regulate their body temperature?
Fish are ectotherms, meaning their body temperature changes with the external environment.
What are the first types of endoskeletons found in fish?
Fish have the first cartilage or bone endoskeletons
What is significant about fish in the context of vertebrates
Fish are the first vertebrates with a spine.
What are the two types of fish based on the presence of jaws?
Some fish are jawless, while others have jaws.
What type of body coverings do fish have?
Fish can have thick skin or scales.
Why are amphibians considered the first land-living vertebrates?
Amphibians are the first vertebrates to have feet or legs
Where must amphibians lay their eggs and why
Amphibians lay thin eggs that must be laid in water to prevent drying out.
How do amphibians regulate their body temperature?
Amphibians are ectotherms, so their body temperature changes with the environment.
Describe the metamorphosis process in amphibians.
Amphibians undergo metamorphosis where larvae live in water with gills and adults live on land with lungs.
What type of skin do amphibians have, and what is a significant risk to it?
Amphibians have moist skin that can dry out easily.
How do reptiles’ eggs differ from amphibians’ eggs?
Reptiles lay leathery eggs that resist dehydration Reptiles were the first to lay vertebrate eggs on land
What is an amniotic egg and its significance in reptiles?
An amniotic egg contains a nutrient “pond,” which supports the embryo and is significant because it allows reptiles to lay eggs on land.
Why can reptiles live their entire lifespan on land?
Reptiles can live their entire lifespan on land due to their ability to resist dehydration.
How do reptiles regulate their body temperature?
Reptiles are ectotherms.
What type of skin covering do reptiles have?
Reptiles have scales that resist dehydration
What is the significance of the Archaeopteryx fossil?
The Archaeopteryx is the first fossil that helped prove that birds evolved from reptiles.
What unique feature do birds have for flight?
Birds have wings with feathers, which are unique for flight
What type of eggs do birds lay?
Birds lay brittle and waterproof amniotic eggs.
What adaptations help birds to fly?
Birds have hollow bones and air sacs for flight.
How does bird skin help them survive in their environment?
Bird skin is dry and resists dehydration.
How do birds regulate their body temperature?
Birds are endotherms, meaning their internal body processes control their body heat.
What is unique about mammalian glands?
: Mammals have mammary glands that produce milk.
What type of body covering do mammals have?
Mammals have skin with fur or hair.
